Histology of Nervous System

Question 1

Master integrating and coordinating system, continuously monitoring and processing sensory info from external environment and from w/i body

Answer 1

Nervous System

Question 2

Two primary divisions that make up the nervous system

Answer 2

central nervous system (CNS)

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 3

What does the CNS consist of

Answer 3

brain and spinal cord

Question 4

what does the PNS consist of

Answer 4

all the nervous elements located outside the CNS

Question 5

System that includes nerves, sensory receptors, some clusters of neuron cell bodys

Answer 5

PNS

Question 6

Nervous tissue is made up of 2 principal cell types

Answer 6

neurons and neuroglia

Question 7

Serve the need of the delicate neurons by supporting and protecting them

Answer 7

neuroglia

Question 8

Another name for neuroglia

Answer 8

glial cells

Question 9

what does neuroglia cells of the CNS include

Answer 9

astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglial cels, ependymal cells

Question 10

what does the neuroglia cells in PNS include

Answer 10

Schwann cells and satellite cells

Question 11

what are Schwann cells called

Answer 11

neurolemmocytes

Question 12

Neuroglia that act as phagocytes

Answer 12

microglial cells

Question 13

myelinate the cytoplasmic extensions of the neurons

Answer 13

oligodendrocytes and schwann cells

Question 14

controll the chemical environment around neurons

Answer 14

astocytes

Question 15

T or F. Neuroglia are capable of generating and transmitting nerve impulses

Answer 15

F

Question 16

Another name for nerve cells

Answer 16

neurons

Question 17

basic functional units of nervous tissue

Answer 17

neruons

Question 18

most abundant CNS neuroglia

Answer 18

astrocytes

Question 19

defensive cells in the CNS

Answer 19

microglial cells

Question 20

Line cerebrospinal fluid-filled cavaties

Answer 20

ependymal cells

Question 21

processes that form myelin sheaths around CNS axons

Answer 21

oligodendrocytes

Question 22

Another name for neuron cell body

Answer 22

soma

Question 23

Biosynthetic center and receptive region

Answer 23

cell body

Question 24

Makes up the gray matter of the CNS

Answer 24

cell body

Question 25

Clusters of neurons cell bodies in the PNS

Answer 25

ganglia

Question 26

Two prominent structures found in the cytoplasm

Answer 26

neurofibrils and chromatophilic sumstance

Question 27

provide support for the cell and a means to transport substances through the neuron

Answer 27

neurofibrils

Question 28

clusters of rough ER and ribosomes involed in metabolic activities of the cell

Answer 28

chromatophilic substance

Question 29

Neurons have 2 types of processes. What are they?

Answer 29

dendrites, axons

Question 30

receptive regions that bear receptors for neurotransmitters released by axon terminals of other neurons

Answer 30

dendrites

Question 31

Also called nerve fibers

Answer 31

axons

Question 32

form the impulse generating and conducting region of the neuron

Answer 32

axons

Question 33

White matter of CNS made up of what

Answer 33

axons

Question 34

the initial region of the axon arises from a cone shaped area of the cell body

Answer 34

axon hillock

Question 35

any long axon

Answer 35

nerve fiber

Question 36

the axon ends in many small structures

Answer 36

axon terminals

Question 37

Each axon terminal of the neuron is separated from the cell body or dendrites of the next neuron by a tiny gap called

Answer 37

synaptic cleft

Question 38

Structural Classification – grouped according to the number of processes extending from the cell body (multipolar, bipolar, unipolar)

Answer 38

Neurons

Question 39

three or more processes. Major neuron CNS.

Answer 39

multipolar neurons

Question 40

two processes, axon and dendrite, extending from opposite sides of the cell body. Some special sense organs acting as receptor cells. Ex. retina of the eye and in olfactory mucosa

Answer 40

bipolar neurons

Question 41

ingle short process emerging from the cell body and dividing T-like into proximal and distal branches. Found chiefly in ganglia in the PNS functioning as sensory neurons.

Answer 41

unipolar neurons

Question 42

grouped according to the direction in which the nerve impulse travels relative to the CNS.

Answer 42

functional classification of neurons

Question 43

transmit impulses from sensory receptors in the skin or internal organs toward or into the CNS

Answer 43

Sensory or afferent neurons

Question 44

Except for bipolar neurons, virtually all sensory neurons are

Answer 44

unipolar

Question 45

carry impulses away from the CNS to the effector organs (muscles and glands).

Answer 45

Motor or efferent neurons

Question 46

are multipolar, and their cell bodies are located in the CNS

Answer 46

Motor neurons

Question 47

between motor and sensory neurons pathways and shuttle signals. Multipolar

Answer 47

Interneurons or association neurons

Question 48

In the CNS, bundles of axons are called

Answer 48

tracts

Question 49

In the PNS, bundles of axons are called

Answer 49

nerves

Question 50

Conduct impulses only toward the CNS

Answer 50

sensory (afferent) nerves

Question 51

Carry impulses only away from he CNS

Answer 51

motor (efferent) nerves

Question 52

nerves carrying both sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent) are called

Answer 52

mixed nerves

Question 53

Neuron conducting impulses toward the synapse is the

Answer 53

presynaptic neuron

Question 54

Neuron transmitting the electrical signal away from the synapse is

Answer 54

postsynaptic neuron

Question 55

Presynaptic neuron or the postsynaptic neuron is the information sender

Answer 55

presynaptic neuron

Question 56

Presynaptic neuron or the the postsynaptic neuron is the information receiver.

Answer 56

postsynaptic neuron

Question 57

T or F. Most neurons function both as presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons.

Answer 57

T