Histology Of The Female Reproductive System

Question 1

Function of ovaries?

Answer 1

To produce gametes and to produce steroids (mainly oestrogen and progesterone)

Question 2

General structure of an ovary?

Answer 2

Cortex and medulla

Question 3

What does medulla contain?

Answer 3

Highly cellular connective tissue, contorted arteries, veins, lymphatics and is continuous with hilum of organ

Question 4

Outer shell of cortex structure?

Answer 4

Denses connective tissue layer called tunica albuginea, which is covered by single layer of cuboidal cells called germinal epithelium

Question 5

What is oogenesis?

Answer 5

Development of oocytes

Question 6

Term for growth of follicle?

Answer 6

Folliculogenesis

Question 7

How many oocytes are in ovaries by puberty?

Answer 7

500000

Question 8

How many layers does the uterus have?

Answer 8

3

Question 9

What is the endometrium?

Answer 9

Inner secretory mucosa of uterus

This is shed in menstruation

Question 10

What is the myometrium?

Answer 10

Coat of 3 layers of smooth muscle, combined with collagen and elastic tissue

Question 11

Name of layer which is outer visceral covering of loose connective tissue covered by mesothelium?

Answer 11

Perimetrium

Question 12

How many layers of endometrium are there?

Answer 12

2

Question 13

What happens to stratum functionalis monthly?

Answer 13

Growth, degeneration and loss

Question 14

What tissue regenerates the stratum functionalis?

Answer 14

Stratum basalis (reserve tissue)

Question 15

Which is the only layer with spiral arterioles?

Answer 15

Stratum functionalis

Question 16

What happens to spiral arterioles in menstrual phase?

Answer 16

Undergo constriction depriving tissue of blood and causing ischaemia with resultant tissue breakdown and leakage of blood and tissue sloughing

Question 17

What happens in the proliferative phase?

Answer 17

Stratus Basalis proliferates and glands, stroma and vasculature grow and this increases thickness of endometrium by reconstituting the SF

Question 18

What happens to glands in secretory phase?

Answer 18

Glands become coiled and secrete glycogen