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2G SUMMER > HISTOPATH LAB (SPX-FIX) > Flashcards

HISTOPATH LAB (SPX-FIX) Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

firs crucial step before starting the tissue processing

A

SPECIMEN ACCESSIONING

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2
Q

CRITERIA FOR REJECTION

A
  1. Discrepancies between request and specimen label
  2. No label
  3. Leaking Specimen
  4. No clinical data or history
    5.Innappropriately identified specimens
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3
Q

is the process by which pathology specimens are inspected macroscopically to obtain diagnostic information

A

GROSS EXAMINATION

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4
Q

End Products of Grossing

A

GROSS DESCRIPTION
TISSUE BLOCKS

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5
Q

What information should be included in the Gross Examination

A
  1. Types of Specimen
  2. Structure
  3. Dimension
  4. Weight
  5. Shape
  6. Color
  7. Consistency
  8. Surgical Margin
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6
Q

Endometrial and Prostatic tissue should be measured by __________________ in _________________

A

aggregate pieces, volume

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7
Q

Thickness of the tissue must be ______

A

not more than 3mm thick

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8
Q

also known as the pure formalin

A

REAGENT GRADE

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9
Q

also known as the diluted formalin

A

TECHNICAL GRADE

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10
Q

Small fragments of tissue must be wrapped in _______

A

Thin paper

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11
Q

14 Steps of Histopathology

A

Specimen Accessioning
Gross Examination
Fixation
Dehydration
Decalcification
Clearing
Infiltration
Embedding
Trimming
Sectioning
Staining
Mounting
Labelling
Microscopy

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12
Q

Advantage of Fresh Tissue Examination

A

Protoplasmic activity can be observed

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13
Q

Process in which the selected tissue specimen is immersed in a watch glass containing isotonic salt solution

A

TEASING OR DISSOCIATION

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14
Q

Dye used in Teasing

A

Supravital Dye

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15
Q

Microscope used in Teasing

A

Brightfield Microscope or Phase Contrast Microscope

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16
Q

Microscope that is able to provide a better structural detail in the examination, allowing mitotic activity to be observed

A

Phase Contrast Microscope

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17
Q

Process in which small pieces of the tissue not more than 1mm in diameter is placed in between 2 glass slides and compressed

A

Squash or Crushing

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18
Q

Dye used in Squashing

A

Vital Dye

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19
Q

A method wherein sections or sediments are spread lightly over a slide by means of wire loop or applicator stick

A

Smearing

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20
Q

Samples that are commonly used for smearing

A

Sputum, Bronchial lavage

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21
Q

A method in which a selected portion of the material is transferred to a clean slide, and gently spread into a moderately thick fil by using circular motion

A

Spreading

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22
Q

Process in which the material disperse evenly over the surface of two slides

A

Pull apart

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23
Q

The surface of a freshly cut piece of tissue is brought into contact and pressed lightly unto the surface of a clean glass slide

A

TOUCH PREPARATION

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24
Q

purpose for Frozen section in the laboratory

A

Rapid Diagnosis, lipids and nervous tissue elements are to be demonstrated

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25
Temp of Cryostat
-10 to -20
26
Thickness of the slices in Frozen Section
10-15u
27
primary objective: It is to preserve the morphologic and chemical integrity of the cell
Fixation
28
Smearing is useful for the cytologic exam for the diagnosis of __________
cancer
29
Secondary objective: harden and protect tissue from trauma
fixation
30
fixatives inactivate ____________ to preserve tissue
lysosomal enzyme activity
31
Recommended fixative to sample ratio
10-20:1
32
Traditional method fixative to sample ratio
10-25:1
33
Museum prep fixative to sample ratio
50-100:1
34
Osmium Tetroxide fixative to sample ratio
5-10:1
35
Fixative used for electron microscopy
Osmium tetroxide
36
most common fixative for electron microscopy
0.25% Glutaraldehyde
37
ideal pH for fixative
Neutral pH (7)
38
ideal pH range for fixative
6-8 pH
39
Extreme pH can cause ____________________
protein denaturation
40
Acidic condition can cause formation of __________________ in fixative
Formalin pigment
41
Temp for most tissue processor
40 deg C
42
Temp for Electron Microscopy/ Histochem Samples
0-4 deg C
43
Temp for Rapid Formalin
60 deg C
44
Temp for Mast Cell
Room Temp
45
Increased temperature causes __________ of fixative
Faster penetration
46
Decreased temperature causes __________ of fixative
Slower penetration
47
most common fixative
10% Formalin
48
Preparation of 10% formalin
1 part of stock formalin 9 parts of water
49
concentration of routine glutaraldehyde
3% solution
50
stock solution is ____ to ____ formaldehyde
37% to 40% Formaldehyde
51
recommended for preservation and storage of specimens
10% neutral buffered Formalin
52
Best fixative for iron pigment containing tissue
10% neutral buffered Formalin
53
10% neutral buffered Formalin prevents the precipitation of _____________
acid formalin
54
composition of 10% neutral buffered Formalin
- Sodium dihydrogen phosphate - Disodium hydrogen phosphate - Distilled water - 40% Formaldehyde
55
Cause of: Failure to arrest early autolysis of cells
Failure to fix immediately/ Insufficient fixative
56
Cause of: Removal of substances soluble in fixing agent
Wrong choice of Fixative
57
Cause of: Presence of artifact pigment on section
Incomplete washing of fixatives
58
Cause of: Tissues are soft and feather like consistency
incomplete fixation
59
Cause of: Loss or inactivation of enzymes needed for study
Wrong choice of fixative
60
Cause of: Shrinkage and swelling of cells and tissue structure
Over fixation
61
Cause of: tissue blocks are brittle and hard
Prolonged Fixation

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