Historical Concepts of Abnormality Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is Trephination?
The medical practice of cutting a hole in the skull that was not caused by a hit to the head. Unsure of when or what the cause was for the need to cut a hole in the skull.
What is Hippocrates view on abnormal behaviours?
A natural cause- a disease from internal physical problems
What is his view on Hysteria?
Was seen as the “wandering uterus” causing women to act irrationally.
What is Humoural Theory?
- Phlegm (Lathargic)
- Black Bile (Melancholia)
- Blood (Sanguine)
- Yellow Bile (Bilious/Choleric)
How do you treat humoural infections?
Rest, nutrition, exercise, prayer. As a last resort, induce bleeding and vomitting.
How was “witchcraft” tested?
Tying the accused individual in a potato sack, if they float - they’re a witch, if they sink - they’re innocent.
How did people in the Middle Ages view abnormal behaviour?
Influenced by the Catholic Church, they saw it as a posession of the body by a demonic figure
How would abnormal behaviour be treated in the Middle ages?
Exorcism - torture of the body to make it uninhabitable through prayer, symbolism, beatings, starvation, and eventually the rack.
19th Century Asylums were reformed through “Moral Therapy”; which two people helped to “unchain” inmates; argued that it made them feel better?
Jean-Baptiste Pussin and Philipe Pinel
Dorothy Dix advocated for the opening of hospital-like institutions because of what reason?
Changing the environment is more beneficial than changing the treatment
The Pharmaceutical Revolution brought what kind of change?
The deinstitutionalization of patients with the introduction of the CMHA Report.
Who is Emil Kraeplin?
A psychiatrist who made a detailed description in his textbook on the condition that would later be relabeled as schizophrenia.
What is Dementia Praecox?
A progressive disease that leaves the patient rapidly deteriorating- no one will recover.
What is manic depressive psychosis as defined by Emil Kraeplin?
It is believed to have biological causes
Why is it important to talk about Kraeplin and his work?
He was the founder of psychopharmacy and linked brain biology to mental illness.
What is psychopharmacy?
The study of the effects of psychiatric drugs on the nervous system
