History and scope of microbiolgy

Question 1

Microorganisms are also known as?

Answer 1

microbes.

Question 2

Microbiology is a branch of biology that deals with?

Answer 2

microorganisms and their effects on other living things

Question 3

What is phototropic microorganisms?

Answer 3

organisms that harvest energy from sunlight

Question 4

What is anoxygenic mean?

Answer 4

non-oxygen producing

Question 5

What are the first phototrophs?

Answer 5

Purple sulfur bacteria and green sulfur bacteria

Question 6

Humans are considered as what phototrophs?

Answer 6

Oxygenic

Question 7

What is the ultimate tool for studying microbiology?

Answer 7

Microscope

Question 8

Who illustrated the first know image of microscope and fruiting moulds?

Answer 8

Robert Hooke

Question 9

who constructed a single lens microscope and first to observe bacteria by using pepper-water infusion?

Answer 9

Antoni van Leeuwenhoek

Question 10

who constructed a single lens microscope and first to observe bacteria by using pepper-water infusion?

Answer 10

Antoni van Leeuwenhoek

Question 11

What is Louis Pasteur experimented with?

Answer 11

the process of fermentation and sterilization

Question 12

who introduced the aseptic technique to kill and prevent microbial infection in surgical patients?

Answer 12

Joseph Lister

Question 13

who introduced the method of hand washing?

Answer 13

Ignaz Semmelweis

Question 14

who discovered the causative agent of diseases like anthrax, cholera, and tuberculosis?

Answer 14

Robert Koch

Question 15

who developed a transparent double-sided dish known as the “Petri dish” and what is the used of it?

Answer 15

Richard Petri, for obtaining pure cultures.

Question 16

What are the different theories in microbilogy?

Answer 16

Cell Theory by Robert Hooke, Spontaneous Generation Theory, Germ Theory of Disease or Koch’s postulate by Robert Koch

Question 17

What does Cell theory state?

Answer 17

“All Living organisms are composed of cells”

Question 18

What does Spontaneous generation theory state?

Answer 18

“Life could arise spontaneously from nonliving matter

Question 19

what are the four criteria of Koch’s postulate

Answer 19

1. microorganism must be found in organisms suffering from the disease but not in the healthy organism
2. Microorganisms must be isolated from the diseased organism (grown in culture)
3. The cultured microorganism should cause disease when introduced into a healthy organism
4. the microorganism must be re-isolated, and the diseased experimental host is identified as being identical to the original causative agent.