history final

Question 1

What caused the Great Depression?

Answer 1

Stock market crash, bank failures, and economic collapse

Created unprecedented national crisis requiring federal intervention

Question 2

How did President Franklin D. Roosevelt communicate with Americans?

Answer 2

Through ‘fireside chats’ on radio

Explained New Deal programs and restored confidence

Question 3

What was the purpose of the Federal Housing Administration (FHA)?

Answer 3

Provided mortgage insurance, stimulated housing construction, and expanded homeownership

Question 4

What does the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) do?

Answer 4

Protected bank deposits up to specified amount, restoring confidence in banking system

Question 5

What was the role of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)?

Answer 5

Regulated stock market and prevented fraudulent practices in securities trading

Question 6

What was the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)?

Answer 6

Employed young men in conservation projects, providing jobs while improving public lands

Question 7

What did the Social Security Administration establish?

Answer 7

Created retirement benefits, unemployment insurance, and aid for dependent children and disabled persons

Question 8

What was the controversy surrounding FDR’s ‘court-packing’ plan?

Answer 8

Plan to add justices to overcome opposition to New Deal legislation; failed but Court upheld most New Deal programs

Question 9

What caused the Dust Bowl?

Answer 9

Drought, poor farming practices, and wind erosion

Displaced thousands of farmers

Question 10

What event led to U.S. entry into World War II?

Answer 10

Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941

Question 11

What was Executive Order 9066?

Answer 11

Authorized relocation of Japanese Americans to internment camps

Violated Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments

Question 12

How did civilians support the war effort on the home front?

Answer 12

Through rationing of goods, victory gardens, and purchasing war bonds

Question 13

What was the significance of the Battle of Midway?

Answer 13

Critical naval turning point in Pacific War that halted Japanese expansion

Question 14

What was the Island-Hopping Strategy?

Answer 14

Bypassed heavily fortified Japanese positions to capture strategically important islands

Question 15

What was the Holocaust?

Answer 15

Nazi Germany’s systematic murder of six million Jews and millions of others

Question 16

Who were the Navajo Code Talkers?

Answer 16

Native American soldiers who created an unbreakable communication code in the Pacific Theater

Question 17

What did the Twenty-second Amendment establish?

Answer 17

Limited presidents to two terms in response to FDR’s four elections

Question 18

What was the Berlin Airlift?

Answer 18

U.S. and allies airlifted supplies to West Berlin during Soviet blockade

Question 19

What is NATO?

Answer 19

North Atlantic Treaty Organization formed in 1949 as military alliance to contain Soviet expansion

Question 20

What sparked the Korean War?

Answer 20

North Korea invaded South Korea in 1950

Question 21

What did the GI Bill provide?

Answer 21

Education benefits, home loans, and unemployment insurance to returning WWII veterans

Question 22

What is McCarthyism?

Answer 22

Senator Joseph McCarthy’s campaign against alleged communist infiltration in government

Question 23

What was the outcome of Plessy v. Ferguson?

Answer 23

Established ‘separate but equal’ doctrine, enabling legal segregation

Question 24

Who were the Tuskegee Airmen?

Answer 24

African American military pilots who served with distinction during WWII

Question 25

What did Jackie Robinson achieve?

Answer 25

First African American to play in Major League Baseball, breaking the color barrier

Question 26

What was the Civil Rights Act of 1957?

Answer 26

First federal civil rights legislation since Reconstruction; established Civil Rights Commission

Question 27

Who were the Little Rock Nine?

Answer 27

African American students who integrated Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas in 1957

Question 28

What was the significance of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s 'I Have a Dream' speech?

Answer 28

Articulated vision of racial equality during the 1963 March on Washington

Question 29

What did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 accomplish?

Answer 29

Prohibited discriminatory voting practices and empowered federal oversight

Question 30

What is civil disobedience?

Answer 30

King's strategy of peaceful protest against unjust laws

Question 31

What did the Black Panther Party advocate?

Answer 31

Armed self-defense and community control in African American neighborhoods

Question 32

What was the Chicano Movement?

Answer 32

United Farm Workers under César Chávez and Dolores Huerta organized migrant workers

Question 33

How did rock and roll music impact society in the 1950s?

Answer 33

Integrated musical traditions and challenged social norms

Question 34

What was the significance of the Sputnik launch?

Answer 34

Prompted increased U.S. investment in science education and space technology

Question 35

What did 'The Feminine Mystique' address?

Answer 35

Women's dissatisfaction with limited domestic roles, helping launch modern feminist movement

Question 36

What did the Miranda v. Arizona ruling require?

Answer 36

Police to inform suspects of their rights before questioning

Question 37

What was the Cold War?

Answer 37

Global political and ideological struggle between U.S. and Soviet Union

Question 38

What triggered the Cuban Missile Crisis?

Answer 38

Soviet Union placed nuclear missiles in Cuba in 1962

Question 39

What was the Domino Theory?

Answer 39

Belief that if one country fell to communism, neighboring countries would follow

Question 40

What did the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution grant?

Answer 40

President Johnson broad authority to escalate U.S. military involvement in Vietnam

Question 41

What was the impact of the Tet Offensive?

Answer 41

Military defeat for North Vietnamese but psychological victory undermining U.S. public support

Question 42

What was significant about media coverage during the Vietnam War?

Answer 42

First 'television war' that brought graphic images into American homes

Question 43

What was Vietnamization?

Answer 43

Nixon's policy to gradually withdraw U.S. troops while South Vietnamese forces took over

Question 44

What did the War Powers Resolution of 1973 do?

Answer 44

Limited presidential power to commit forces to combat without congressional approval

Question 45

What was the SALT I treaty?

Answer 45

Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty signed in 1972 between U.S. and Soviet Union

Question 46

What is the Endangered Species Act?

Answer 46

1973 legislation to protect threatened and endangered species and their habitats

Question 47

What did the Helsinki Accords promote?

Answer 47

Recognized post-WWII European borders and promoted human rights

Question 48

What were the Camp David Accords?

Answer 48

Peace agreement between Israel and Egypt brokered by President Carter in 1978

Question 49

What triggered the energy crisis in the 1970s?

Answer 49

OPEC oil embargo led to gasoline shortages and price increases

Question 50

What was the Iran Hostage Crisis?

Answer 50

Iranian revolutionaries held 52 Americans hostage for 444 days

Question 51

What did Reaganomics emphasize?

Answer 51

Tax cuts, reduced government spending, and deregulation to stimulate growth

Question 52

What was the Persian Gulf War?

Answer 52

1991 U.S.-led coalition expelled Iraqi forces from Kuwait

Question 53

What led to Clinton's impeachment?

Answer 53

Perjury and obstruction of justice

Question 54

What initiated the War in Afghanistan?

Answer 54

Military operations began following 9/11 terrorist attacks

Question 55

What did the USA PATRIOT Act expand?

Answer 55

Government surveillance powers and anti-terrorism measures

Question 56

What was the impact of Hurricane Katrina?

Answer 56

Exposed gaps in emergency response capabilities and infrastructure vulnerabilities

Question 57

Who was elected as the first African American president in 2008?

Answer 57

Barack Obama

Question 58

What did the Affordable Care Act aim to do?

Answer 58

Expanded health insurance coverage and reformed healthcare practices

Question 59

What did assembly-line production achieve?

Answer 59

Revolutionized manufacturing, making products affordable to more Americans

Question 60

How did space technology impact society?

Answer 60

Improved communications, medicine, and materials science

Question 61

What was the significance of Internet development?

Answer 61

Transformed communication, commerce, education, and daily life

Question 62

What role did free enterprise play in technological advancement?

Answer 62

Fostered technological advancement through entrepreneurship

Question 63

What are examples of military technology used in civilian life?

Answer 63

GPS, microwave ovens, and computer advances

Question 64

What is renewable energy?

Answer 64

Development of solar, wind, and other technologies addressing environmental concerns

Question 65

Who are notable computer entrepreneurs?

Answer 65

Bill Gates, Steve Jobs, and later tech innovators

Question 66

What are responsibilities of citizens?

Answer 66

Voting, jury service, paying taxes, staying informed, and participating in democratic processes