History Final Flashcards
(177 cards)
1
Q
What significant things happens in the British Empire in 1834?
A
Slavey is abolished
2
Q
What was passed in the House Representatives and the Senate, that “automatically postpones all petitions relations to slavery”?
A
Gag Rule
3
Q
Why is Robert Purvis important?
A
Does a formal organization of the underground railroad.
4
Q
The Census of 1850 reveals that slavery is virtually non-existent in what region?
A
The Northern States
5
Q
What did the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo do?
A
Ended the Mexican War
6
Q
Who “put forth” or suggested the Comproise of 1850? (He is a senator from Kentucky)
A
Henry Clay
7
Q
What Act takes the place of the Misouri Compromise?
A
Kansas-Nebraska act
8
Q
What did the new Fugitives Slave law enable Southerners to do?
A
Reclaim runaway slaves who had escaped to the north
9
Q
What are the 4 parts of the Compromise of 1850?
A
California enters the union as a free state, status of slavery in the rest of th enewly acquired mexican territory would be decided by the people who lived there, slave TRADE abolished in Washington, DC, new fugitive Slave Laws
10
Q
What is the name for the time period of violence over the issue of slavery that break out in the Kansas/Nebraska territory in 1854?
A
Bleeding Kansas
11
Q
What are the 2 important parts of the Dred Scott Decision?
A
Supreme Court rules that blacks are not U.S Citizens and that slaveholders have the right to take existing slaves into free ares of the country.
12
Q
Who leads a rebellion to overtake Harpers Ferry, Virginia in the hopes of causing a slave uprising?
A
John Brown
13
Q
Who puts down the rebellion at Harper’s Ferry and captures John Brown?
A
Robert E. Lee
14
Q
In the election of 1860, who is elected president?
A
Abraham Lincoln
15
Q
What is the first state to secede from th eUnion> What date do they secede from the Union?
A
South Carolina
December 20, 1980
16
Q
Who is unanimously elected President of the Confederacy?
A
Jefferson Davies
17
Q
When does the attack on Fort Sumter start (exactly)?
A
April 12, 1861, 4:30 a.m.
18
Q
What are the last 4 states to secede from the Union?
A
Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, Tennessee
19
Q
What is the North’s reason for fighting at the start of the Civil War?
A
To preserve the union
20
Q
What is the Confederacy’s reason for fighting at the start of the Civil War?
A
To defend their homeland
21
Q
What city was the capital of the Confederacy moved to in May of 1861?
A
Richmond, VA
22
Q
What are the 2 parts of the Confederate strategy at the beginning of the Civil War?
A
Take a defensive strategy, they don’t want to conquer the north, hope the north would quickly tire of the war and just accept southern independencies.
23
Q
Lincoln convinces the Northerners that _______depended on preserving the Union
A
democracy
24
Q
What is the name given to the Union plan at the start of the Civil War? Who came up with the plan?
A
Anaconda plan, General Winfield Scott, Blockade the southerners coastline and gain control of the Mississippi River to cut the confederate in half.
25
What does Lincoln order the Union army to do in the summer of 1861?
An invasion of the south
26
Where is the Fort Sumter located?
in the harbor of Charleston, S.C.
27
What important invention increased the profitability and production of cotton?
28
What are the 4 most important border states that both th eUnion and Confederacy wanted?
Delaware
Maryland
Kentucky
West Virginia
29
Why did the Union want control of the rivers in Kentucky?
Could use them to invade the south
30
What is the last state to secede from the Union?
Tennessee
31
What is the exact date for the firing on Fort Sumter?
32
Why is it important for the Union to Keep Maryland as a Union State?
because the capital is in MD if the seceded the president would be behind enemy lines.
33
What are the TWO REASONS that the Confederate strategy at the outset of the war failed?
Europe had a surplus of cotton because of a larger than expected cotton crop the year before. European countries did not want to get involved in a war in America.
34
What causes the states of Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina and Tennessee to secede from the United States?
When Lincoln calls for 75,000 troops to put down the uprising in the America south
35
Who is in command in the Confederate forces at the First Battle of Bull/Run Manassas?
General PGT Beuregord
36
What are the two reasons that the Union's initial strategy from General Winfield Scott failed?
It takes time to warn and people are hungry in the north, they wanted action
37
Explain what the phrase "Cotton is King" means and; why it is important? Details are important
Cotton is invaluable to the south and Europe, the South has good farming conditions for cotton. The industries means growing textile industry, and the cotton is so much surplus.
38
Textile Mills:
Created clothing, fabrics, etc
39
Blockage:
armed forces prevent the transportation of good or people into or out of an area.
40
Why is a riffle better than a musket? What is the difference between the two?
Shoots further and more accurately. Dif: is the riffle is grooved inside barrel, expands upon firing, causes lots of damage
41
Who takes command of the Confederate forces after General Albert Albert Johnsonton? is killed during the Battle of Shiloh
General PGT Beuregard
42
Who is famous for saying "find out where your enemy is, get at him as soon as you can, strike him as hard as you can, and keep moving?
Ulyseo S. Grant
43
Who has 3 horses shot out underneath him during the Battle of Shiloh?
William Tecumseh Sherman
44
Why is the battle of the Monitor vs. Merrimack important/significant? How long does the Battle of the Monitor vs. Merrimack lasts?
First ironclad battle in the Civil War; 4 hours
45
In February of 1862, with the aid of the union iron cloud boats, what two forts fall to Union control?
Fort Henry and Fort Danenellson
46
What happens in Nashville, when they hear that the union army is coming by river?
The people flee
47
What are the 4 reasons that general Robert E. Lee decides to take the war into the north, instead of staying defensive
1. Hoped that victory in the north would would force Lincoln to talk peace.
2. Give Va farmers a rest from the war during harvest season
3. Hope to show that we confederate would win the war
4. Help to convince European nations to stick with the confederacy
48
Who takes command of the Confederate Army in June of 1862, shortly before the 7 days Battle?
Robert E. Lee
49
What is the name of the important new form of ammunition, used troughout the Civil War?
Mimmie Ball
50
What 2 countries did Southerners hope to manipulate into joining their side in the war?
Britain and France
51
What is the only city on the Mississippi that stands in the way of the Union having complete control of the Mississippi River, after Farragut's and GRant's important victories?
Vicksburg, Mississisipi
52
What important thing did David Farragut accomplish for the Union in the spring of 1862? Why is this significant?
Captured New Orleans, close to accomplishing a major part of the Anaconda Plan because they could gain control of most of the Mississippi river and cut the confederacy in half.
53
What s the goal of slave resistance and sabotage in the south?
54
What drew the Confederate Army toward the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania? (What were they trying to find)?
55
General George Meade is put in charge of the Union Army how long before the start of the Battle of Gettysburg?
56
What three things does Lee hope to accomplish by continuing to push North even after the loss of General Stonewall Jackson?
57
General Buford is in charge of what specific part of the Union army?
58
What are the General Buford and his men attempting to "deprive" the enemy of, by holding the enemy of, and fighting them on their (confederate) approach to Gettysburg?
59
What is the name of the deadly type of artillery fire that Le's men march into Pickett's charge?
60
What is the last major confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River?
61
Where does Robert E. Lee command Pickett to atack?
62
What are the 3 important results from the Union victories at Vicksburg and Gettysburg?
63
Who is named the commander of the Union Armies in March of 1864?
64
Why does the Confederate Army attack the Union forces at Little Round Top? What are they trying to accomplish?
65
What important city in Georgia does Sherman capture in September 1864?
66
What is total warfare?
67
What three things does Sherman's troops do on their "March to the Sea"?
68
Who is famous for saying, "Whatever happens, we will not retreat"?
69
How long does the siege of Richmond lasts?
70
What important thing happens at Appomattox Court House? on what specific date did this happen?
71
What are the two generous terms of surrender that Grant offers to Lee?
72
What political group wanted to make the South pay for the war & worked to give African Americans full freedom?
73
What did the Thirteen Amendment do?
74
What is the name of the organization in which "white southerners committed violent acts against African Americans" starting during the time of Reconstruction in the South?
75
What is the name for the laws that limited the freedoms of African Americans in the South?
76
What group, established in 1865, provided relief for all poor people (black and white) in the South?
77
What does the Fourteen Amendment do?
78
How many districts did the Reconstruction Acts of 1867 divide the South into?
79
What did the Fifteen Amendment do?
80
What did the Freedman's Bureau work to establish?
81
Who was punt into Lincoln's ticket (for Lincoln's second election) to help Lincoln with support of the Border States?
82
Who was the leader of the Radical Republicans?
83
What did Radical Republicans demand and what was the aim of the Radical Republicans during Reconstruction?
84
What did Congress do in response to President Johnson's veto of the Civil Rights Act of 1866?
85
What people group was left out of the Civil Right Act of 1866?
86
What is a scalawag?
87
What is a carpetbagger?
88
What did the "Tenure of the Office Act" do?
89
Who is Edwin Stanton?
90
What are the six parts of the Compromise of 1877?
91
What are two reasons that industries are drawn to cities during the Industrial Revolution in America?
92
What is urbanization?
93
What two things were critical to the development of skyscrapers?
94
What was the center of immigration to the USA from Europe?
95
Wha twas the center of immigration to the USA from Asia?
96
What is a melting pot?
97
What is seggregation?
98
What is the definition of the term assimilation?
99
What is Plessey vs. Ferguson? What did the courts decide? Why is it important?
100
What is the first city to have a transportation system powered by electricity?
101
For most immigrants to the United States, where did the process of assimilation start?
102
What did Southern states begin to do at the end of Reconstruction?
103
What type of clause, added to Southern voting laws, allowed poor whites to vote if their ancestor had the ability to vote before 1867?
104
Where did factory production in the US spread from and from what industry?
105
What are SIX FACTORS that encouraged the growth of industry in the United States?
106
What did increased immigration to the United States filled the need for?
107
What is a patent?
108
What was considered the "backbone" of industry in America?
109
Who is the inventor who found the most ways to use electricity?
110
What is the name for the new process of making steel that drastically cut the cost of making steel?
111
What is the Transcontinental Railroad?
112
What was the main use of steel in the Industrial America?
113
What industry "gave people more control over their environment"?
114
In 1882, what city did Emerson install a half-mile square area of electric lights?
115
Who invented the telegraph?
116
Which railroad laid more miles track: the Central Pacific Railroad or the Union Pacific Railroad?
117
What affect did the railroad have on Native Americans?
118
Who invented the telephone?
119
What is defined as "a company that wipes out its competitors and controls and industry"?
120
In what city did the Central Pacific railroad & the Union Pacific railroad get joined together to form the Transcontinental Railroad?
121
What is a telegraph?
122
The Bessemer Steel Process requires how much coal compared to old methods?
123
What important industry does John D. Rockfeller dominate?
124
What important industry does Andrew Carnegie dominate?
125
What is a trust?
126
What is the name of the trust that Rockefeller created?
127
By, 1880 what percent of America's oil was owned by Rockefeller?
128
What are the two reasons that people argued that monopolies were unfair?
129
How did Carnegie beat our his competition?
130
How as Carnegie able to make the best and cheapest product?
131
Who did Carnegie sells his steel industry to in 1901?
132
Who did Carnegie sell his steel industry to in 1901?
133
What is philanthropist?
134
What are the two effects of the Standard Oil Trust controlling 95% of the oil industrt in America?
135
What are the 5 problems from our notes that come about as a result of Progressivism?
136
What two important areas of influence did Big Corporations gain power over?
137
What are two things that reformer during Progressivism believed in?
138
What did the Muckrakers help to create demand for?
139
What are the 3 basic goals of the Progressive Reformers?
140
What did the Pendleton Civil Service Act require? What did it prevent?
141
Progressive reformers wanted to give who more control over the goverment?
142
What did Theodore Roosevelt see government as?
143
Who is the first progressive president?
144
Theodore Roosevelt was chosen as whose Vice-President candidate?
145
What did Roosevelt use to help him make reforms in government?
146
Theodore Roosevelt believed what should be regulated for the public interest?
147
Under Roosevelt, government worked to ensure a "square deal" for what three groups?
148
What did Roosevelt use to root out "crookedness" in government?
149
What is the first industry trust that the government under Roosevelt seeks to break up?
150
What book, written by Upton Sinclair, cause President Roosevelt to launch an investigation into the meat packing industry in the United States?
151
What is the name of the first wildlife refuge in the United States?
152
Who famously said "I aimed at the public's hear, and by accident I hit them in the stomach"?
153
Who doubled the number of national parks in the United States?
154
Upton Sinclair's The Jungles pushed/influenced Theodore Roosevelt to investigate and have the government begin to regulate what industry?
155
Why did Theodore Roosevelt not push for the civil right of African Americans?
156
Progressivism:
157
Muckrakers:
158
Patronage:
159
Pendleton Civil Service Act:
160
Meat Inspection Act:
161
Pure Food and Drug Act:
162
Conservation:
163
Who was hand picked to be Theodore Roosevelt secessor?
164
Which amendment "gave Congress the power to create income taxes"?
165
What was the goal of the 16th amendment?
166
What is the name of the political party that Theodore Roosevelt started?
167
Which amendment "prohibited the manufacture, sale, and consumption of alcoholic beverages"?
168
Who are the three candidates running in the election of 1912?
169
Who won the election of 1912?
170
Which amendment "provided fore the direct election of US senators by voters"?
171
Before the 17th Amendment, what was another common name for the Senate?
172
What did Clayton Antitrust Act do?
173
174
Who believed that "bigness" itself was dangerous?
175
Monopolies:
176
What act made labor tactics like strikes, picketing, and boycotting legal?
177
Supporter of the 18th Amendment argued that liquor caused an increased in what two things?
