History Final Flashcards
(110 cards)
0
Q
The culmination of artistic achievements during the 16th century is known as
A
High renaissance
1
Q
What city is considered the birthplace of the Renaissance
A
Florence
2
Q
Where did the Renaissance began
A
Italy
3
Q
What are the three distortions found in Michelangelo’s pieta
A
Christ after the Crucifixion without any disfigurement
Mary is presented as a young girl—one too young to be the mother of Christ.
Mary is larger than life
4
Q
Brunelleschi defeated Ghiberti in a competition to build what?
A
The dome for the Cathedral of Florence
5
Q
The most famous Renaissance patrons were members of which family
A
Medici family
6
Q
Who made paintings of sweet face madonnas
A
Raphael
7
Q
Who described an ideal state and was an adviser to Henry the eighth (VIII)
A
Sir Thomas more
8
Q
Who is called the “father of Renaissance paintings”
A
Giotto
9
Q
Made the first freestanding sculpture
A
Donatello
10
Q
Who made the Sistine Chapel wall painting the last judgment
A
Michelangelo
11
Q
wrote technical and scientific designs in a notebook
A
Leonardo da Vinci
12
Q
The Renaissance focus on man’s worth and capacities has been called what
A
Humanism
13
Q
What were those who study the liberal arts called
A
Humanist
14
Q
The new course of study known as liberal arts which included history science grammar classical literature and philosophy was called what
A
Humanities
15
Q
Renaissance is a French word meaning what
A
Rebirth
16
Q
The Protestant Reformation began in what country
A
Germany
17
Q
The council that condemned Hus also re-examined the works of and condemned which dead man
A
John Wycliffe
18
Q
Why did pope Leo X order the selling of indulgences
A
To reconstruct St. Peter’s
19
Q
What according to Wycliffe is the supreme authority for all believers
A
The bible
20
Q
What country is considered the Roman Catholic stronghold
A
Spain
21
Q
While a priest, who discovered through scripture studies that salvation is by faith
A
Martin Luther
22
Q
What was a religious movement in the sixteenth century
A
The Protestant reformation
23
Q
What prompted Leo x to act upon Luther’s protest
A
He was losing sales of indulgence
24
Luther's ninety-five thesis covered the issue of selling what?
Indulgences
25
Who were the Protestants in England who wished to cleanse the Anglican Church of its catholic practices?
Puritans
26
Who were the Protestants In England who saw no hope for change in the Anglican Church and who removed themselves from it?
Separatists
27
What were Protestant churches which adopted Calvin's system of theology called?
Reform churches
28
What made the king the "supreme head" of the church in England, complete the break between England and the papacy
placed the Church of England under direct control of the states
Act of settlement of 1534
29
Religious groups who opposed infant baptism
Anabaptist
30
The Protestants in the Netherlands fought under whose leadership to stop Spanish catholic dominance
William of orange
31
What were the common beliefs of the Anabaptists
Only true believers should be members in local church
separation of the church and state
Hold no political office
No arms against anyone even in war (pacifism)
32
Which Spanish king was England's most formidable Roman Catholic opponent
King Phillip II
33
Who was the famous Jesuit missionary to India, china, and japan
Francis Xavier
34
Who was the Roman catholic queen of Scotland
Queen Mary Stuart
35
Who was the leader of the Protestant Reformation in Scotland
John Knox
36
What was that Elizabethan settlement and what did it established
It allowed the church to have Protestant doctrine but still carry on Catholic ceremonies and traditions
37
Who commanded ships which helped to defeat the Armada
Sir Francis Drake
38
Which document allowed each German Prince the right to choose whether his territory would be Lutheran or Roman Catholic
The peace of Augsburg
39
The counter reformation is connected with what religion
Catholic
40
Who was condemned and burned at Constance
John Huss
41
Why did Henry the eighth (VIII) break away from the Catholic church
He wanted to get a divorce from his wife
42
Through the influence of John Knox which church was established in Scotland
Presbyterian Church
43
What met from 1545 to 1563 to discuss doctrinal questions and to propose reforms in the Roman Catholic Church
The Council of Trent
44
What year did the English defeat the Spanish Armada
1588
45
Who took the English throne at the death of Elizabeth the first
James I also known as James VI of Scotland
46
Which early reformer has been called the morning Star of the
Reformation
John Wycliffe
47
Which family ruled England during the reformation
Tudor family
48
What Traveler to the far east contributed to the age of exploration with his tales of that strange customs and great wealth of the Orient
Marco polo
49
What where the motives for European exploration
The search for gold, adventure and glory,mreligious concerns, and competition with other nations
50
Why was the caravel superior to ships built before 1400
They were fast and light and they had both square and triangle sails
51
Who was the first man to round the southern tip of Africa
Bartolomeu Dias
52
Who's expedition around the Cape of Good Hope to India gave Portugal a lucrative spice trade with India
Vasco de gama
53
Which country was the first to explore the New World
Spain
54
The line of demarcation dividing the world between which two countries
Portugal and Spain
55
The Dutch claim the region that is now New York as a result of what English man's effort
Henry Hudson
56
What was the Spanish conquistadors main advantage over the natives of the New World
Horses and guns
57
Who was the first man to circumnavigate the world
Ferdinand Magellan
58
which country claim Brazil
Portugal
59
Why did the Dutch establish a colony at Cape Town
It provides freshwater vegetables and meat
60
What was a major reason for Portugal's decline as a great power
He had too vast of an empire
61
The first English expedition to North America was led by what Italian sailor
Christopher Columbus
62
Who was the Jesuit missionary who was welcome by Japan but who's later followers were expelled by the Japanese
Francis Xavier
63
What was the first permanent English colony in America
Jamestown
64
What was one main difference between the Spanish and English accomplishments in the New World
The English went to settle with the families while the Spanish didn't
65
Wall was one dominant economic system for the age of exploration
Mercantilism
66
Who claim the Mississippi Valley for France
La Salle
67
Who explored the southwestern section of America
Francis Cordata
68
The shared profit of a joint stock company was called what
Dividend
69
What term describes a voyage around the earth
Circumnavigation
70
What fast vessel of the 15th century aided ocean travel
Caravel
71
What term is used to indicate the distance and object is from the equator
Latitude
72
Which country was the leading absolutist nation in Europe during the 17th century
France
73
What was the belief that kings ruled by authority from God
Divine right
74
Which war was the last great religious war and Europe
30 years war
75
Well were Richelieu's accomplish
He destroyed the Huguenots by laying heavy burdens on them
He weakened the nobility by placing other people instead of them
He got France into the 30 years war
76
Who was Louis the eighth (VIII) powerful chief Minister
Cardinal Richelieu
77
In his quest for absolute power what did Louis the fourth (IV) accomplish
He reorganize the French army
He placed lieutenants over regiments
He appointed Jean Baptiste Colbert as the chief Minister
78
Who lost his throne in 1688
James the second (II)
79
In 1795 Poland disappeared from the map until one major war
WWI
80
What French chief Minister favored building a French Navy encouraged self-sufficiency and increased export
Jean Baptiste Colbert
81
Which nation came out of the seven years war the strongest
England
82
What was the strongest German state
Brandenburg Prussia
83
Who excepted the act of settlement
Parliament
| William and Mary
84
Who laid the foundation for absolutism in France
Henry the fourth (IV)
85
Which war was also called the French and Indian
Seven years war
86
Which family ruled England during the 17th century
Stuart family
87
Those who are against James (II) the second and for the glorious Revolution were called what
Whigs
88
The English kings were limited and powered by what
Parliament
89
The glorious Revolution caused which King to lose the throne
James II (the second)
90
After the death of Queen Anne, which family ruled England
The Hanover family
91
Which nation came out of the 30 years war the strongest
France
92
Which nationality was george I before taking the Britain throne
German
93
Political power that is unlimited or unrestrained is called what
Absolute
94
The justification of increasing royal power on religious ground is called what
Divine right
95
Which Greek geographer emphasizes the Geocentric theory
Ptolemy
96
Which German astronomer proved that the orbits of planets are elliptical
Johannes Kepler
97
What was Isaac Known for
He was known for the making the reflective telescope the laws of gravity and Principia
98
What was William Harvey known for
He was known as the father of biology he found out that the heart acts as a pump for the blood
99
what is Boyles law
increasing pressure on gas reduces its volume
100
Who discovered the chemical substances of ammonia oxygen and carbon dioxide
Joseph Priestly
101
Which philosopher stated that the basis of government is the consent of the governed
John Locke
102
What idea did the framers of the United States Constitution take from Montesquieu
The separation of powers
103
What was Voltair known for
An outspoken critic and for the freedom of press
104
What was Rousseau known for
He was known for general well meaning majority rule
the good of man
emotion above reason
105
Who proposed the heliocentric theory
Copernicus
106
Who established the use of chemicals to treat diseases
Paracelsus
107
Who discovered that the heart pumps blood
William Harvey
108
What scientist greatly improve the microscope
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
109
Who devised a way to map the earth on a flat surface
Gerardus Mercator
