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History Grade 6 Term 1 > History Grade 6 Term 1 > Flashcards

History Grade 6 Term 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What does AD mean

A

Anno Domini; in the year of th Lord

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2
Q

What does complex mean

A

Having many rules

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3
Q

What are societies

A

People living together in organised groups

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4
Q

What is a source

A

Something that gives us information about something such as an event

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5
Q

What does state mean

A

A area controlled by a leader or government

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6
Q

What does trade mean

A

Buying or selling to get things

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7
Q

When did African farmers move south from southern Zimbabwe and east from Botswana

A

About 900 AD

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8
Q

When did the African farmers settle in the Limpopo valley

A

About 1100 years ago

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9
Q

Why was the Limpopo valley a good area from farming and raising cattle

A

Because it was wet and there were many trees and bushes.

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10
Q

Why were elephants valuable

A

Because of their tusks. Tusks are made of Ivory and Ivory was very important for trade between this of part of South Africa and the east African coast and beyond.

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11
Q

When did African people in the Limpopo Valley develop the first complex society in Southern Africa

A

Between 900AD and 1300AD

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12
Q

What did the first society create

A

It created the first town, the first king, the first palace with a stone wall, the first capital city and the first state

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13
Q

What was the first society in the Limpopo Valley

A

The farmers and cattle owners.

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14
Q

How did the first farmers in the Limpopo Valley live

A

They lived in small villages under the leadership of a local chief.

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15
Q

What did the chief own

A

The chief owned the most animals and had the most power.

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16
Q

What does abandoned mean

A

To be left empty and not used anymore

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17
Q

What are archaeologists

A

People who look at objects from the past, often buried in the ground, to find out how people lived in the past

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18
Q

How many big settlements developed after each other in different parts of the valley

A

three

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19
Q

Who gate the sites different names

A

Archaeologists

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20
Q

What are the three settlements and dates

A

Schroda (900-1000AD)
K2 (1000-1220AD)
Mapungubwe (1220-1300AD)

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21
Q

Explain the Schroda settlement

A

It began over 1100 years ago. About 500 people lived in Schroda
Archaeologists found glass beads and broken pieces of ivory
Schroda people were involved in the ivory trade with people on the east coast of AFrica.

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22
Q

Explain the K2 Settlement

A

About 1500 people lived in K2
They were farmers and ivory traders. The ivory trade made some people in the Limpopo valley much richer than others
Glass beads, pottery and cloth from places such as India and China were valued highly
Thousands of glass beads were found in K2
Some larger ones were made locally by melting down the smaller glass beads
People used glass beads for decoration and also as kind o money

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23
Q

What happened to settlements over time

A

They became bigger and more powerful. Societies became more complicated in the way they were organised.

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24
Q

What is a palace

A

A building where royal people or rulers live

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25
Q

What are rituals

A

A set ways of doing something, such as a celebration

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26
Q

What does sacred mean

A

To do with religion

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27
Q

Explain the Mapungubwe

A

The third largest settlement in the Limpopo valley
In 1220 the chief decided to move his people and build a new settlement.
Mapungubwe Hill had been used as a rain making site for many years and people thought it was a sacred site
Historians thought that the chiefs should be called kings because they were rich and powerful.
The king controlled and performed religious acts such and rain making and communicating with the ancestors.
Because the king was so important, he decided to live apart from ordinary people.
The king was a sacred leader living on top of a sacred place

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28
Q

Where did the king build a palace

A

On top of Mapungubwe Hill

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29
Q

What was Mapungubwe Hill

A

It was a holy place

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30
Q

Who lived on Mapungubwe Hill

A

The king with members of his family

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31
Q

Where did the rest of the population stay

A

At the bottom of the hill and the surrounding area.

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32
Q

What was the signaficance of Mapungubwe Hill

A

It had been the rain making hill before the king lived on it. The king believed that he was the sacred leader and he should live on such a sacred place.
There were only 4 steep paths up the sides of the hill.
There were ladders at some points.
Guards watched over each path
The king did not want ordinary people to visit him.

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33
Q

What does scarce mean

A

Not very much available, rare

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34
Q

What are social classes

A

Divisions in a society based on how much wealth and power people have

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35
Q

What was the first South African farming town

A

Mapungubwe

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36
Q

What did people have in Mapungubwe

A

Large herd of cattle and they grew crops such as sorgum and millet

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37
Q

Mapungubwe grew into a settlement of how many people

A

5000

38
Q

What made Mapungubwe important and a powerful settlement

A

Trade

39
Q

What divides a society into different groups based on wealth and power

A

Social classes

40
Q

How many social classes were in Mapungubwe

A

2
The rich leaders
The ordinary farmers and workers

41
Q

Who could afford to own gold

A

Only the rich people. Gold was very scarce

42
Q

Why did gold show that people was important

A

Because it was very difficult to get gold out of rocks

43
Q

Where did archeologists find golden objects

A

Buried in graves on top of Mapungubwe hill

44
Q

What clue does finding gold buried with people give us.

A

That people were very important

45
Q

What is the most famous object found on Mapungubwe hill

A

The Golden Rhino

46
Q

What does the rhino represent

A

The rhino represents the strength of a king and the protection he offers as a leader

47
Q

What is the golden rhino made of

A

It is made from wood and covered in thin sheets of gold

48
Q

What was found in and around graves

A

Hundreds of gold beads. Only relatives of the king would have owned the gold beads

49
Q

What is the Golden Sceptre

A

It is a kind of staff, a short stick that was a symbol of leadership. The golden sceptre belonged to one of the kings of Mapugubwe

50
Q

What does globalisation mean

A

It is the ways countries across the world are connected through technology and business

51
Q

What is a network

A

Places that are connected in some way

52
Q

What was Mapungubwe part of

A

A trading network that connected Africa with many countries across the Indian Ocean.

53
Q

Who did Arab traders trade with

A

With people on the east coast of Africa from about 800AD

54
Q

What did the Arab traders buy

A

They bought goods like cloth, glass, beads and fine pottery.

55
Q

Where did some Arab traders settle

A

On the east coast of Africa

56
Q

How did a new culture develop

A

Arab traders married people from the local community. It was a mix of Arab and African culture. It was a mix of African and Arab languages

57
Q

What happened to Mapungubwe through trade

A

It became connected to places across the world

58
Q

What did the king order the people in surrounding areas to do

A

To hunt elephants and bring the ivory to Mapungubwe. The king also sent people to find gold from rivers and to trade with people from the north.

59
Q

What did groups of young men and older guides do

A

They carried the heavy ivory and gold to the coast. They often hid the gold inside objects such as tortoise shells in case they were attacked by robbers

60
Q

How long was the journey to the coast

A

Over 500km long. It could take several weeks for the trading party to get to the coast.

61
Q

What could happen to the men during their journey to the coast

A

The men faced many dangers such a being attacked by wild animals and poisonous snakes. They often walked at night in cool temperatures.

62
Q

What was the role of the guides on the journey

A

To help the men find their way and to show them the best paths and the friendliest villages to shop for food and shelter

63
Q

What are achievements

A

Doing something well

64
Q

What is a landscape

A

A large area of a similar kind of land

65
Q

What are world heritage sites

A

Places in the world that have outstanding natural or cultural qualities, decided by the United nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO)

66
Q

When was Mapungubwe named a World Heritage Site and what was it called

A

In 2003 and it was called the Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape

67
Q

Why are heritage sites protected

A

So that future generations can see and learn from them.

68
Q

What is an outdoor museum

A

Mapungubwe

69
Q

What is the name of the award given by the South African president to South Africans who have made outstanding achievements both locally and internationally

A

The order of Mapungubwe

70
Q

Who was the first person to receive the order of Mapungubwe

A

Nelson Mandela in 2002

71
Q

What is the Order of Mapungubwe

A

A medal that contains many symbols that remind us of the achievements of people in Mapungubwe

72
Q

What are the symbols on the medal

A

The golden rhino in the middel
Above the rhino is Mapungubwe Hill
Right at the bottom of the medal is a gold melting pot
And right on top of the melting pot is the golden sceptre.

73
Q

What does economic influences mean

A

Things to do with work or money that affect people

74
Q

What are stone carvers

A

People who use tools to shape small figures out of stone

75
Q

When was the kingdom of Mapungubwe abandoned

A

after 1300AD

76
Q

Why could the people have abandoned this kingdom

A

It could be because there was a shortage of resources or because the climate changed, causing the herds of elephants to move north

77
Q

What developed while Mapungubwe became weaker?

A

Great Zimbabwe - 200km to the north

78
Q

What is the settlement of Great Zimbabwe now called

A

It’s a country called Zimbabwe

79
Q

What are the difference between Great Zimbabwe and Mapungubwe

A

Great Zimbabwe had skilled copper workers who made jewellery and ornaments of copper
The stone statues found at Great Zimbabwe show that there were skilled stone carvers
Great Zimbabwe had a big economic influence on the surrounding area
People throughout central Africa wanted the glass beads, cloth, pottery an carpets that arrived at Great Zimbabwe from the Indian Ocean Trade
People brought ivory and gold to Great Zimbabwe. Traders at Great Zimbabwe bought these products. Later they sold them to Arab traders at the coast for a higher price.

80
Q

What does dictated mean

A

Writing down the exact words someone says

81
Q

Who travelled to Asia at about the same time that Mapungubwe was a powerful trading centre

A

An explorer from Europe called Marco Polo

82
Q

When was Marco Polo born and when did he die

A

He was born in 1254 and died in 1324

83
Q

When did Marco Polo travel in Asia

A

Between 1271 and 1295

84
Q

How long did Marco Polo live and work in China

A

17 years

85
Q

When did Marco Polo leave Europe

A

When he was a teenager

86
Q

When did Marco Polo return to his home in Venice

A

24 years later in 1295

87
Q

What happened to Marco Polo when he returned home

A

He was arrested an thrown into prison. He spent a year in prison.

88
Q

What did Marco Polo do in prison

A

He dictated all his adventures to fellow prisoners

89
Q

What did Marco Polo do when he was released from prison

A

He made a book about his time in Asia called the travels of Marco Polo

90
Q

What did Marco Polo describe in his book

A

He described inventions such as gunpowder, different kids of weapons, printing machines, musical instruments, kites, paper money and the magnetic compass

91
Q

Who was the first European traveller to find North America

A

Marco Polo

92
Q

What did Marco Polo’s reports make Europeans interested in

A

In exploration and trade between Europe and other parts of the world

History Grade 6 Term 1 (1 decks)

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