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PRIN 1 > History of Medical Technology > Flashcards

History of Medical Technology Flashcards

1
Q

 Knowledge about the past
 Helps us understand the present
 Shapes the way we view the present

A

History

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2
Q

Medical diagnosis started from the days of __________

A

Imhotep

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3
Q

father of medicine

A

Hippocrates

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4
Q

Hippocrates formulated _______

A

Hippocratic Oath

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5
Q

the code of ethics for practicing physicians

A

Hippocratic Oath

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6
Q

the four humors or body fluids in man namely:

A
  • the blood
  • phlegm
  • yellow bile
  • black bile.
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7
Q

These four humors or body fluids were felt to be the _________ and _______ in ancient times

A

source of a person’s disposition and disease

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8
Q

Book written by Hippocrates

A

uroscopy

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9
Q

Traced the beginning of MT back to 1500 BC when intestinal parasites such as Taenia & Ascaris were mentioned

A

Vivian Herrick

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10
Q

large mass of parasites coming from the intestinal tract.

A

Ascaris

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11
Q

A book for treatment of diseases

A

Ebers Papyrus

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12
Q

Ebers papyrus book contains description of _______

A

three stages of hookworm infection.

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13
Q

author of the book “An introduction to the profession of medical technology

A

Ruth Williams

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14
Q

Ruth Wiliams believes that medical technology began from ______

A

Medieval Period (1096-1438)

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15
Q

urine of certain individuals ______ and that such urine has a _______

A

attract ants and sweetish taste.

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16
Q

calling themselves doctors reaped fortunes from diagnosing diseases by the appearance of the urine

A

QUACKS

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17
Q

Chemical testing progressed from ________

A

“ant testing” and “taste testing”

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18
Q

it was the beginning of laboratory medicine.

A

analysis of urine

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19
Q

She prefers to date medical technology from the 14th Century

A

Anne Fagalson

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20
Q

He invented microscope

A

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

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21
Q

Aside from microscope, what Leeuwenhoek contributed?

A

describe red blood cells, to see protozoa, and classify bacteria according to shape

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22
Q

Invention of the microscope led to _______

A

rapid progress of microbiology and pathology.

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23
Q

THE FOUNDER OF PATHOLOGY and father of microscopical anatomy, histology and embryology

A

Marcelo Malphigi

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24
Q

the “GREATEST” of the early microscopist.

A

Marcelo Malphigi

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25
Q

youngest medical specialists

A

Rudolph Virchow

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26
Q

He founded the Archives of Pathology in BERLIN in 1847.

A

Rudolph Virchow

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27
Q

Performed the FIRST QUANTITATIVE TEST in URINE SUGAR in 1884.

A

Hermann Fehling

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28
Q

used in staining microorganisms

A

Aniline Dyes

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29
Q

contribution of aniline dyes

A

Bacterial staining and microscopic study on bacteria

30
Q

introduce the gravimetric analysis of urine

A

Jean Baptiste van Helmont

31
Q

Pioneered the best qualitative analysis of urine

A

Thomas Willis

32
Q

Discovered the presence of albuminuria

A

Frederick Dekkers

33
Q

coagulation of albumin and heat and acetic acid test

A

albuminuria

34
Q

In 1928, he accidentally discovered penicillin from penicillium molds

A

Alexander Fleming

35
Q

He discovered the human blood type (ABO group).

A

Karl Landsteiner (1900)

36
Q

Studied bleeding in newborns and contributed to the discovery of Rh factor

A

Karl Landsteiner (1900)

37
Q

He researched in the field of blood transfusion, developing improved techniques for blood storage, and developed a large-scale blood banks early in world war II

A

Dr. Charles Richard Drew

38
Q

practice of medical technology became known to these countries

A

Germany, Greece, Japan, Turkey, England and the US

39
Q

 Graduate of the college of physicians and surgeons in New York.
 Studied pathology and bacteriology in Germany.
 Gave the first laboratory course in the American Medical school.
 He also established a laboratory at Bellevue Hospital Medical College
 Became the first professor of pathology at John Hopkins University

A

Dr. William Welch

40
Q

HOPKINS HOSPITAL with Dr. Simon Flexner as resident pathologist of the laboratory.

A

Dr. William Osler

41
Q

in John Hopkins Hospital, special attention is being given to the search for ________

A

malarial parasites in the blood

42
Q

Opened at University of Pennsylvania in the same year

A

William Pepper Laboratory

43
Q

When did clinical laboratories were established

A

1896

44
Q

What are the evidences listed in 1900 census that clinical laboratories were established in 1896?

A
  • 100 technicians (all males)

- 3,500 technicians in 1920

45
Q

in this year many technicians were employed in hospital clinical laboratories

A

1922

46
Q

State legislature of Pennsylvania enacted a law requiring all hospitals and institutions to have ______ and to _______

A

adequate laboratory and to employ full time laboratory technician

47
Q

He wrote the book: A MANUAL OF CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS

A

Dr. James Todd

48
Q

This book became the standard reference for laboratories.

A

“CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS BY LABORATORY METHODS”,

49
Q

At present A MANUAL OF CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS is now being published as __________

A

Henry’s Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods” 22nd edition by Richard A. McPherson & Matthew R. Pincus (2012)

50
Q

Marks the growth of clinical laboratory and produced great demand for technicians

A

World War 1

51
Q

Code of ethics for technicians and technologists

A

“I shall agree to work under the supervision of a physician, refrain from making written or oral diagnosis, & refrain from advising physicians on treatment options w/out the supervision of a physician or pathologists

52
Q

clinical lab became distinct administrative units of service directed by a chief physician

A

1920

53
Q

Denver Society of Clinical Pathologists was organized

A

1921

54
Q

courses for Medical Technology & lab Technicians were offered and the American Society of Clinical Pathology (ASCP) was founded

A

1922

55
Q

the University of Minnesota offered training to laboratory workers

A

1923

56
Q

ASCP established its Board of Registry which developed the Code of ethics for technicians and technologists

A

1928

57
Q

American Society of Clinical laboratory Technicians, precursor of the American Society of Medical Technology, is founded.

A

1932

58
Q

ASCP Board of Registry required a college degree for a medical technology certification.

A

1935

59
Q

The use of blood increased and the “closed system” of blood collection was widely used.

A

World War II

60
Q

United States required a ______ and ________ in laboratory for actual practice

A

2-year collegiate education and 12-month actual training

61
Q

Medical Technologists sought governmental recognition of their educational qualifications through licensure laws & position reclassification in the Civil Service.

A

1950

62
Q

in the same year, a standard curriculum was formalized in preparation for bachelor’s degree.

A

1950

63
Q

National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) was formed

A

1967

64
Q

it was accredited by the American National Standards Institute & subsequently became the home of National Reference System for the Clinical Laboratory

A

1977

65
Q

HEW stands for

A

Department of Health, Education & Welfare

66
Q

1975, MTs were required to have a ________ or the equivalent, & if not, ________ administered by Department of Health, Education & Welfare (HEW).

A

bachelor’s degree if not, take a proficiency exam

67
Q

Requirements for HEW exam

A

high school diploma, 4 years of laboratory experience.

68
Q

Tests included for requirement for HEW exam

A

Hematology, Blood Banking, Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology

69
Q

Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 were implemented

A

1992

70
Q

Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 states that _________________

A

all lab is required to have a certificate issued by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) in which laboratories must have adequate QC programs and pass proficiency tests.

PRIN 1 (2 decks)

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