HISTORY OF MICRO Flashcards
(53 cards)
The Brain or engine of the PC is the
processor, or Central Processing Unit
(CPU)
Microprocessor
Microprocessor contains?
-arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
-the control unit for a microcomputer
-Registers – Internal Memory
All the arithmetic operations of a
microprocessor take place in the?
arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
Relays had mechanical speed
limitations
- 1940’s
- Bulky Relay
required considerable power, dissipated a significant amount of heat, and suffered high failure rates. Some systems achieved processing rates up to 1,000 operation per second.
Vacuum-tubes Switches
Who invented the
transistor?
Bell Laboratories
replaced the
vacuum tube as a computer switch for
several reasons, including smaller size,
faster switching speed, lower power
consumption and dissipation, and higher
reliability
Transistor 1947
who s invented the
integrated circuit?
Texas Instruments
allowing a single silicon
chip to contain several transistor as well as
their interconnections
Integrated circuit (1960’s)
The first microprocessor originally
developed for a calculator, and
revolutionary for its time, it contained
2,300 transistors on a 4-bit microprocessor
that could perform only 60,000 operations
per second.
1971
* Intel 4004
who designed and implemented the first
general-purpose microprocessor
Ted Hoff and Federico Faggin
Who built the handheld calculator
Busicom of Japan
the four-chip set of 4000 family
- 4001 - 2,048 bit ROM memory
- 4002 - 320 bit RAM memory
- 4003 - 10 bit I/O shift register
- 4004 – 4-bit Central processor
The first 8-bit microprocessor developed
to run computer terminals and contained
3,300 transistors.
- 1972
- Intel 8008
The first truly general-purpose 8-bit
microprocessor, which contained 4,500
transistors and could execute 200,00o
instruction per second
- 1974
- Intel 8080
This 8-bit chip represented a
technological milestone as engineers
recognized its value and used it in a wide
variety of products.
- Intel 8080
the most notable as the processor in the first kit computer, the Altair, which ignited the personal computing phenomenon.
Intel 8080
It has a 16-bit data bus structure.
- 1978
- Intel 8086
faster than the 8088 in communication speed with the other computer components,
Intel 8086
a cheaper version of Intel’s
8086
intel 8088
a 16-bit processor with
an 8-bit external bus.
intel 8088
16 MB of addressable memory (RAM)
and 1 GB of virtual memory, this 16-bit chip
is referred to as the first “modern”
microprocessor
1982
* Intel 80286
What are the modes of Intel 80286
Real Mode
protected Mode
It contained 130,000 transistors and
packed serious compute power (12 MHz)
into a tiny footprint.
- 1982
- Intel 80286
