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History (Test 1) Flashcards

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0
Q

At the time of the Spanish conquest, the economies of most of the Native Americans in south and Central America and Mexico were based on

A

Agricultural

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1
Q

What Indian empire dominated modern Mexico at the time of the Spanish conquest?

A

Aztec

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2
Q

What was the eastern third of what is now the U. S inhibited by?

A

Woodland Indians

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3
Q

What were Indian societies in North America like?

A

They tended to divide tasks according to gender

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4
Q

Paralleling the rise of commerce in Europe, and in part responsible for it was

A

The rise of United and powerful nation states

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5
Q

What was a a partly result of Columbus voyages from Spain?

A

Replaced Portugal as the foremost seafaring nation

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6
Q

What did the conquistadors make possible through daring, brutality, and greed?

A

They made possible the creation of a Spanish empire in America

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7
Q

What happened with the Indians conversion to Catholicism?

A

Most natives continued to practice their own religions

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8
Q

What was the first and perhaps most profound result of the native and European culture?

A

Importation of European diseases

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9
Q

What was more important to Europe than gold and silver found in the New World?

A

Importation of new crops that could feed larger numbers of people

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10
Q

What was it like in matrilineal Indian and African societies?

A

Women play a major, often dominant role.

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11
Q

When did the African slave trade begin?

A

As early as the eighteenth century

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12
Q

In the sixteenth century the market for Slaves grew dramatically as a result of what?

A

The rise of European demand for super cane

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13
Q

What was all the English incentives for colonization?

A

To escape religious strife at home
To escape the economic transformation of the country side
To find new markets for English products

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14
Q

What could a nation easily be made strong by?

A

Exporting more than importing

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15
Q

Members of the Church of England in Ireland, the English believed that

A

Puritans

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16
Q

As a result of their experiences in ireland, the English believed that

A

They must retain a rigid separation from the native population

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17
Q

What country produced the most successful fur traders and trappers?

A

France the French

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18
Q

What was the first permanent English settlement?

A

Jamestown, Virginia

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19
Q

Who was the man whom Queen Elizabeth granted the land on which the “lost colony” was planted?

A

Walter Raleigh

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20
Q

Land bridge

A

A bridge that crosses over the Bering straight into what is now Alaska, approximately 11,000 years ago

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21
Q

Incas

A

A small tribe in the mountainous region of Cuzco, the created the largest empire in America

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22
Q

Maya’s

A

An area in Central America and in the yuca tan peninsula of Mexico

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23
Q

Aztecs

A

The society’s of the maya regions were superseded by other American tribes

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24
Woodland Indians
Inhabited people in the U. S
25
Matrilineal
An indiansual that considered to belong to the same accent group as his/her mom
26
Prince Henry (the navigator)
A navigator who wanted to explore the western coast of Africa he wanted a Christian empire there to air his countries war against the moors of Northern Africa; and hoped to find new stores of Gold
27
Bartholmey Dias
A Portuguese explorer that sailed around the southern most tip in Africa in 1448, first European reaching Indian Ocean
28
Christopher Columbus
An Italian explorer navigator and citizen of the republic of Genoa, he completed 4 voyages over the Atlantic Ocean
29
Vasisco de balboa
Discovered Pacific Ocean
30
Ferdinand Magellan
A Portuguese explorer who organized the Spanish expedition to the East Indies from 1519 to 1522
31
Conquistador
Portuguese or Spanish conquerors "soldiers or explores of the Spanish empire
32
Hernando Cortez
A Spanish conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec empire and brought large portions of mainland Mexico
33
Francisco Pizarro
A Spanish conquistador who conducted the Incan empire
34
Hernando desoto
A Spanish explorer and conquistador who lead the first European expedition
35
Papal line of demarcation
A line of democratization between Portugal and the crown Of castle
36
Mestizo
A person of combined European and American decent, or someone who would have been deemed or castizo
37
Richard hakuyt
An English writer
38
English reformation
A series of events in England in the 16th century
39
Calvinist Puritans
People who purified the church
40
Church of England
An ancient church catholic and reformed
41
Separatist
A person who supports the separation of a particular group of people from a larger body on the bases of ethinsicity, religion, or gender
42
Elizabeth
Was the queen of England and ireland from November 17 1558 until her death
43
James I
The king of Scotland in 1567
44
Sir Humphrey Gilbert
The half brother of Sir Walter Rayleigh
45
Diantions
Large piece of land or water usually in a tropical or semitropical area
46
Enclose movement
A push in the 18th century and 19th century to take land that had formally been owned by all members of a village
47
Merchant capitalist
Referred to the earliest phase in the development of capitalism is an economic and social system
48
Mercantilism
Rested on the assumption that the nation as a whole was the principal actor in the economy, not the individuals within it
49
Course de Bois
Was an independent entrepreneur French Canadian woods man who traveled in New France and the interior of North America
50
Sir Francis drake
An English sea Capital privateer, navigator, slaver and polition of the Elizabeth era
51
Spanish Armada
A Spanish fleet of 130 ships that sailed from Corunna in August 1588
52
Roanoke
An island known as the last colony established on Roanoke island, dare county today
53
Sir Walter Rayleigh
An English landed gentlemen, writer, poet, soilder, politician, countries, spy and explorer
54
Utopia
An imagined place in which everything is perfect
55
Who was the first to explore the north east coast of North American in 1497?
John Cabot
56
What happened when the population grew, more people out of work and less food being produced?
Surplus population
57
Enclosure movement
As demand for wool increased, landowners began converting farmlands to pastures, this meant the pastured had to be fenced to donation the sheep
58
What did the enclosure movement result in?
Large numbers of farmers and farm workers out of work
59
What was the goal of economics?
Increase total wealth of a nation
60
They believed the worlds wealth was
Finite
61
For countries to succeed what had to happen?
They must import as much wealth as possible from forgien lands and export as little wealth as possible
62
What would be the source of foreign wealth you need to import?
Colonies
63
What all would colonies provide?
Buyers for your products A place to send your surplus population A source of raw materials that had to be bought from other countries initially
64
Who wrote Protestant reformation in 1517?
Martin Luther
65
Protestant reformation
Beloved the bible, not the Catholic Church, was the authentic voice of God. Salvation was achieved by Faith, not good works or the formal practice of religion.
66
John Calvin
Wrote the doctrine of predestination
67
Doctrine of predestination
God determined before birth who was saved And who was dammed When a person lived a good life they did so because they were already saved, and when a person lived a evil life they did because they were already dammed
68
Henry VIII
Filed a divorce and the pope wouldn't give him one so he created his own church with his own rules which was called the Church of England His daughter Mary became queen when he died Elizabeth was his youngest daughter
69
Church of England
Created by Henry VIII but catholic practices and rituals still remained
70
Mary
Henry VIII daughter Known as Bloody Mary after she changed the church back to catholic and went on a rampage killing anyone who didn't wanna be catholic
71
Elizabeth I
Daughter of Henry VIII Queen of England for over 70 years Covertly England back to the Church of England
72
Separates
Known as puritans They wanted to "purify" the church if England by getting rid of the catholic elements They worshiped as they pleased on their own congregations
73
James I
Ruled by divine right and made a lot of puritans mad with they way he ruled In 1603
74
Who was England's most formidable racial in America?
The French
75
Where were the French located?
Canada, Great Lakes, Mississippi River, and Louisiana.
76
What did the French get from the Native American Indians
Adopted their ways, fur trappers, they were allied with them
77
Who was the dutches primary explorer?
Henry Hudson
78
Henry Hudson
Shelled New York (new amsterdamn)
79
The first settlement for the English was?
In 1587 by sir Walter Raleigh he established the colony on Roanoke island off the coast of North Carolina
80
Where were the Spanish located in America?
South and south west | They could threaten colonies along the coast with navy, but largely insignificant
81
What happened in 1588?
Phillip II lead the Spanish Armada against the English that was lead by queen Elizabeth England defeats done Spanish Armada
82
What was the result of the defeat of Spanish Armanda?
Gave England control of the new world oceans and all seas for 1588-1945 English were able to control the new world
83
What happened when Rayleigh returned to his colony?
The colony was deserted and "CROATOAN" was carved on a post

anatomy (9 decks)

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