Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

anatomy > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

(93 cards)

Start Studying
0
Q

What are female sex cells?

A

Oocytes (eggs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What are male sex cells?

A

Sperm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are a males primary sex organs?

A

Two testes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where are the testes housed?

A

The scrotum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How do sperm cells form?

A

A process called spermatogenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is spermatogenesis?

A

How sperm cells form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are spermatogenic cells in a male called?

A

Spermatogenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the male accessory organs?

A

Two epididymides, two ductus deferential, ejaculatory ducts, a urethra, as well as the two seminal vesicles, and the prostrate gland.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe epididymides

A

Tightly coiled, threadlike tubes about 6 meters long (18 feet)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How long are epididymides?

A

6 meters (18 feet)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the epididymides connected to?

A

Ducts within the testes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When do sperm cells Swim?

A

After ejaculation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are seminal vesicles?

A

Saclike structures that attach to the ductus deferens and secrete a slightly alpine fluid that contains fructose that provides energy for the sperm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are saclike structures that attach to the ductus deferens and secrete a slightly alkaline fluid that contains fructose that provides energy for the sperm?

A

Seminal vesicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What happens during sexual stimulation?

A

Nerve impulses from the spinal cord release NO which dilates the arteries leading to the penis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What reduces blood flow away from the penis?

A

Increased pressure on the arteries compresses the veins of the penis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What produces and erection?

A

Blood accumulates in erectile tissue and the penis swells producing an erection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What fluid is released first during ejaculation?

A

Prostate fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the order in which fluid is released?

A

Prostate fluid, sperm cells, fluid from seminal vesicles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What secretes hormones that control male reproductive functions?

A

The hypothalamus, anterior pituitary gland, and testes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are male sex hormones called?

A

Androgens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the most important androgens?

A

Testosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the main cause of male infertility?

A

The testes not descending into the scrotum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does the the testes not descending into the scrotum cause?

A

Higher temperatures of the body kills the sperm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
What are a females primary sex organs?
The two ovaries
25
What do ovaries produce?
Female sex cells and sex hormones
26
How many oocytes are produced in the embryo before birth?
Several million
27
What is produced in the embryo before birth?
Oocytes
28
What do oocytes begin as?
Primordial follicles
29
What are primordial follicles?
What oocytes begin as
30
What is the process of egg cell formation?
Oogenesis
31
What is oogenesis?
The process of egg cell formation
32
At puberty what do some of the primordial follicles mature to form?
Primary follicles
33
Which oocyte can get fertilized?
The large one
34
What is the small oocyte?
A smaller polar body
35
How many primary follicles can begin maturing?
20
36
What is ovulation?
The process of the follicles maturing and giving rise to the secondary oocyte and first polar body during oogenesis.
37
What happens to the oocyte if it isn't fertilized within 24 hours?
It degenerates
38
Where does fertilization occur?
In the uterine tube
39
What keeps the embryo for development?
The uterus
40
What is the lower third part of the uterus called?
Cervix
41
What is the cervix?
The lower third of the uterus
42
What extends down into the upper part of the vagina?
The cervix
43
What are the external sex organs of a girl collectively called?
The Vulva
44
What does the vulva include?
Labia Majorca, labia minors, clitoris, and vestibule
45
What does the clitoris correspond to in a male?
The penis
46
What stimulates enlargements of accessory organs in girls?
Estrogen
47
Who has irregular reproductive cycles?
Elite female athletes
48
What is the problem in elite female athletes?
Too little body fat
49
What may happen when elite female athletes reproductive cycles (periods) stop?
They may impair their ability to conceive (have kids)
50
What does too little body fat in women do?
Decreases secretion of estrogen levels
51
What is the most effective birth control?
Oral contraceptives (pills)
52
What do the birth control oral contraceptives (pills) contain?
Synthetic estrogen and progesterone
53
What do women need to get periodically tested for?
Cervical cancer
54
What is used to detect abnormal cells in the cervix?
A Pap smear
55
What does hormone replacement therapy do?
Replaces estrogen in the body
56
Who can take hormone replacement therapy?
Women going through menopause
57
What are the primary sex organs of the male?
Testes
58
What is the process in which sex cells are formed?
Meiosis
59
What is meiosis?
The process in which sex cells are formed
60
How many chromosomes does each spermatogonium contain?
46
61
What happens during the chromosome number in meiosis?
It's reduced
62
How many chromosomes does the head of the sperm contain?
23
63
What is the function of the epididymis?
Store sperm as they mature
64
What is added to sperm cells by the seminal vesicle?
Fructose
65
What are the male external reproductive organs?
The penis and scrotum
66
What is not a male internal accessory organ?
The testes
67
Exposure to the cold causes the scrotum to what?
Contract
68
Name the 3 male reproductive hormones that are secreted from the testes
The hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary gland
69
What stimulates the growth of male body hair?
Testosterone
70
Where does an oocyte mature during puberty?
The primary follicle
71
What is ovulation?
When the egg is released from the ovary
72
What is the inner layer of the uterus called?
Endometrium
73
What is the endometrium?
The inner layer of the uterus
74
What does the vagina connect the uterus to?
The outer surface of the body
75
What female part corresponds to the penis?
The clitoris
76
Hormonal mechanisms are (more or less) complex than the male?
More complex
77
What hormones are primary in girls?
Estrogen and progesterone
78
What hormone is primary in a guy?
Testosterone
79
What is menopause?
The cessation of the menstrual cycle in middle age women.
80
What causes infertility in elite female athletes?
Too little estrogen
81
What are the 4 stages of the period?
Menstruation Proliferative phase Secretory phase Menstruation
82
How many women develop bread cancer in their life?
1/8
83
How much % of breast cancer do men have?
1%
84
What is a sign of breast cancer?
A dimple, change in color, a flattened Nipple, discharge.
85
What is a mammogram?
An X-ray scan to find abnormal tissue in the breasts
86
80% of the time a breast lump is a sign of what?
Fibrocystic breast disease
87
Is fibrocystic breast disease cancerous or benign?
Benign (noncancerous)
88
What is a fibroadenoma?
A breast cyst or mass of connective tissue
89
What do they do for a cancerous cyst in the breast?
Surgery to remove it
90
What are most breast cancers treated with?
Radiation and chemotherapeutic drugs
91
What % of breast cancer comes from inheritance?
5-10%
92
What triggers the majority of breast cancer?
Environment

anatomy (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions