History Y09 Aut1 Flashcards
(22 cards)
Alliances
Britain, France and Russia formed the Triple Entente. Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy formed the Triple Alliance.
Imperialism
There was competition to control other nations which led to rivalries between European countries.
Militarism
Countries spending more money on their armies and navies to make sure they were the best.
Nationalism
Thinking that your nation is better than others. War was a way of proving this.
Assassination
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand triggered a series of events leading to war.
Reparations
Germany was forced to pay £6.6 billion for starting the war.
Army
Army was limited to 100 000 troops and no conscription was allowed.
War Guilt
Germany was to take the blame for starting the war and the damage caused by it.
Demilitarised
Germany was not allowed to have any military troops in the Rhineland (border with France).
End of union
Germany was not allowed to form a union (Anschluss) with Austria.
Armaments
Germany could have no tanks submarines or military aircraft. The navy could only have 6 battleships.
Land
Germany lost 10% of its land – areas like Alsace-Lorraine and all of Germany’s overseas colonies were given to other countries.
Great Depression
Lots of Germany industries and banks collapsed resulting in unemployment increasing to 30%.
Weimar weaknesses
The Weimar government was unpopular and many saw it as a failure and unable to run the country. The economy had failed twice first with hyperinflation and again following the Wall Street crash (1929).
fear of communism
During the Great Depression many people began to turn towards the communists. The Nazis promoted themselves as Anti-Communists promising to destroy the communists but also offered to help the workers.
Nazi propaganda
Used radio, posters and newspapers as well as rallies to spread their Nazi ideas. One of their main slogans was “Work and Bread”.
Hitler
Hitler was a great speaker with the power to make people support him. His speeches were passionate and were used at rallies and broadcast on the radio.
Reichstag fire
On the 27th February 1933 the Reichstag building was set on fire and blamed on the Communists. 4000 Communists were arrested.
Enabling Act
On 23 March 1933 Hitler passed the Enabling Act. This meant he could make laws without approval from the rest of the Reichstag for four years.
Night of the Long Knives
In June 1934 Hitler had the SA leaders and Ernst Rohm killed as they were seen as an unruly mob and a threat to Hitler’s control.
Death of Hindenburg
On 2 August 1934 President Hindenburg died. Hitler immediately took over as President while remaining Chancellor now calling himself Führer.
Oath of loyalty
The army swear an oath of loyalty to Hitler and not to the country.
