Hitlar And The Rise Of Nazi Germany Flashcards
(80 cards)
1
Q
Armistice
A
Agreement to stop fighting so that the enemies and them can discuss peace terms.
2
Q
Authoritarian
A
People have no or say in how the government should be ruled. The opposite of democracy.
3
Q
Annihilate
A
Cease to exists. To wipe out completely.
4
Q
Coup or Putsch
A
The violent overthrow of a government
5
Q
Chancellor
A
The leader of the Reichstag
6
Q
Concentration camps
A
Places where people were literally ‘ concentrated ‘ and made to work until they were too old. They were the shot or gassed.
7
Q
Der Führer
A
German word for leader.
8
Q
Dictate
A
To give a command to.
9
Q
Dictator
A
A leader with total power.
10
Q
Einsatzgruppen
A
Death squads
11
Q
Extermination
A
Killing
12
Q
Fascist
A
A political theory that the government should have complete control.
13
Q
The Final Solution
A
The final solution was the name that the Germans have to the systematic killing of the Jews.
14
Q
Genocide
A
Mass murder
15
Q
The Holocaust
A
This means totally burned this refers to the international and systematic killing of the Jews by the Nazis
16
Q
Inflation
A
The increase in the price of goods
17
Q
Jehovah’s Witnesses
A
A Christian religious group
18
Q
Mein Kampf
A
A book written by Hitler during his 4 months in jail. It means my struggle.
19
Q
Opposition
A
A group of people who disagree with you
20
Q
Propaganda
A
Biased and often untrue advertising used to indoctrinate people into police ing a certain idea or event.
21
Q
Reich
A
The German state
22
Q
Reichstag
A
German word for parliament
23
Q
Reparations
A
Money paid for damage
24
Q
Scapegoat
A
Someone who is blamed or punished for she misfortune or others
25
Slavs
People of eastern state
26
Swastika
The symbol of the nazi party
27
Who were the storm troupers and what did they do
They were known as the SA and they wore a brown uniform. They organised parades and carried around the Nazi flag. They would also often beat up people who didn't agree with them
28
What was the SA 's motto
All opposition must be stamped into the ground.
29
Why was Hitler sent to prison and for how long
He was sent to prison because he tried to start a coup against the Weimar government and failed. He was only sent to prison for 9 month because the judge agreed with what Hitler was doing.
30
What as the Great Depression
The Great Depression was a time period where people lost their jobs, inflation rose, countries went into debt and economy's collapsed.
31
What were the events leading up to the Great Depression.
* Germany and lots of other countries borrowed money from the US
* America was not using their money wisely
* Wall Street collapsed and the US went into debt
* the US started to demand that Germany and the other countries, pay back the money that they had borrowed from them.
* the great depression began
* workers lost jobs
* inflation rose
31
What happened after the Kaiser was overthrown
The Weimar Republic came into power. It was a democracy.
32
What were the reasons for the failure of the Weimar Republic.
* the Germans were not used to a democracy. They had always had a Kaiser
* large business, military and judges didn't like the idea of a democracy
* there were too many political parties. Not one party could win all of the seats in Reichstag. This showed that the Weimar Republic didn't have enough power to deal with Germany's problems
* the Weimar government shouldered the blame for signing the armstice and treaty of Versailles
* resurgence of militarism
* economic problems
33
What were some reasons for public support of the Nazi party.
• Germans wanted to return to being an important world power, they agreed with what the Nazi party was doing.
• Hitler was a really good public speaker and could hold the attention of a large crowd.
• the Nazi party received support from the military and other big business
• the Nazi party was well organised and their propaganda was successful in making
•
34
Who passed the enabling act
the president and the head of state of the Reichstag. His name was Hindenburg
35
What did the enabling give the Nazis
It have the Nazi party full power and put Hitler in control
36
What happened when Hindenburg died
Hitler took his place as leader of the Reichstag and became a dictator.
37
What was hitler known as when he became a dictator
Der Führer
38
Where were the first concentration camps set up.
Dachau
39
Who were the people send to the concentration camps
* anyone who disagreed with the Nazis
* Jews
* Blacks
* Homosexuals
* Gypsies
40
What are Aryans
Hitlers idea of a perfect person/ race. All aryans had blue eyes and blonde hair.
41
What is anti- semitism
The hatred of Jews
42
Who was used as a scapegoat
Jews
43
How was propaganda used
• posters
44
What were Germany's economic problems
```
War debt
Devaluation of the Mark
Decrease foreign trade
Loss of colonies and territory
German industry came to standstill
Wall Street collapse
Had to pay money back to USA
USA withdrew assistance
German economy crumbled
```
45
Loans from the USA what was it called ?
Dawes plan
46
German prime minister before Hitler
Stresseman
47
President before hitler
Bon Hindenburg
48
Nazi party
Nationalist socialist German workers party
49
Background info on Hitler
```
Born in Austria
Was a corporal in the army during ww1
Chancellor in 1933
Dictator from 1934-1945
Married Eva Braun - both committed suicide to avoid capture by the Russians
```
50
Hitlers ideas
1. Autocratic government ( opposite of democracy)
2. Break down treaty of Versailles - claim back land - lebenstraum living space
3. creation of master race - Aryans
4. purge nation of undesirables
5. Jews became the scapegoat - he blamed them for cornering Germanises wealth and having an international outlook.
6. promised to fix economy and bring wealth and prosperity
7. tools would be Nazi party, propaganda and military
51
Methods of the Nazi party
1. Violence
2. swastika
3. Propaganda - appointed minister of propaganda Joseph goebbels
4. Mass meetings
5. hitler great speaker
6. SA
7. SS
8. Gestapo secret police
52
Minister of propaganda
Joseph goebbels
53
Who the chancellor who convinced Hindenburg to appoint hitler as the chancellor - he believed that the Nazi party could be controlled
Von papen
54
How did hitler succeed it making Germany a dictatorship ?
After hitler became a chancellor he set elections
He burns down parliament building
Blamed it on the communists - arrested them
Announced a decree ( enabling act) that all power rested on him , only Nazi party, people no power
Had elections and only Nazi party was there to vote for
And so. Germany became a totalitarian state
Hindenburg died, hitter merged presidency with chancellor and became the fuhrer
55
Features of a totalitarian state
Ruled by a dictator
Membership of party for elite
People have no rights
Ruling party controls education- brainwashing
Ruling party controls economy - no private ownership
Ruling party controls army
Ruling party control media- propaganda
Secret police terrorise people to stamp out opposition
Racial superiority is encouraged
56
Jew had to wear
Yellow Star of David
57
Political opponents had to wear
Red triangle
58
Jehovah's Witnesses had to wear
Purple triangle
59
Homosexuals had to wear
Pink triangle
60
Roma had to wear
Brown triangle
61
Other criminals had to wear
Green triangle
62
What were the Nuremberg laws
Jews were...
• dismissed from civil service
• dismissed from jobs as : lawyers, professors, lecturers, doctors, teachers, nurses, dentists... Etc
• expelled from schools and universities
• stripped of citizen rights
• prohibited from marrying non- Jews
• forced to sit on separate park benches
• not permitted to use public facilities, travel on trams, or attend treated and cinema.
63
According to the Nazis, who was considered impure or not Arian
* Jews
* politic al opponents
* Jehovah's Witnesses
* homosexuals
* racially impure: Jews, Roma, Slavs
* people who were physically or mentally disabled were systematically killed.
64
Features of fascism
* no opposition is allowed
* no freedom of speech or press
* people are encouraged to worship the leader
* use of violence to keep people under control
* secret police force witch spies on people
* trade unions are banned
* fascist leader cooperates with land and factory owners
* use propaganda to unite people
* large emphasis on military and willingness to go to war
* a strong sense of pride in one's country
* racism and persecution
* hatred of democracy
65
Who appeased hitler
Britain and France
66
How did hitler get more lebenstraum
He took over some of Czechoslovakia and Austria
67
Why did Britain and France promise to protect Poland
Because Britain and France thought that hitler was going to take over Poland next.
68
What happened after Germany invaded Poland
Britain and France declared war on Germany
69
Who was Mussolini
He was a dictator of a fascist state- Italy. He gave hiker the salute to show that Italy supported Germany.
70
Who were the Allied powers in WW2
Britain
France
Russia
USA
71
Who were the Axis powers in WW2
Germany
Italy
Japan
72
Did the holocaust happen suddenly
No, it was the end of a long process of anti- semitism
73
How many Jews were killed in the holocaust
6 million
74
Who was the leader of the SS
Heinrich Himmler
75
What were the SS men taught
They were taught racial hatred and told to harden their hearts toward human suffering. They were made to declare absolute obedience and loyalty to the Führer
76
What was the Einsatzgruppen
It was a group of SS men who became the mobile killing squad
77
Why did the Nazis stop the shooting into mass graves
They stopped it because some people were only shot in the leg or shoulder and survived. It also greatly impacted some of the SS men. It was too difficult for them to shoot and some committed suicide.
78
Describe the process of The Final Solution
People were loaded into cattle trucks and taken to extermination camps.
The people were ordered to undress and were forced into a gas chamber that was disguised as a shower room.
The people were locked inside the gas chambers and a gas called Zyklon B was released into the rooms.
People inside were dead within 15 minutes
After everyone was dead other, stronger, prisoners took everyone out and anything valuable like wedding rings or false teeth were taken out.
The people were then stuffed to large oven I which they were burned and their ash was used as fertiliser.
79
What are three example of resistance to the Nazi party
1) Sophie Scholl and the White Rose Movement:
Sophie and her brother Hans dropped leaflets in the empty hallways of the school. They were caught and killed by guillotine
2) Dietrich Bonhoeffer and the Confessing Church:
There were three main groups of churches. Two: the Catholic Church and the German Christians had agreements with the Nazi party. The confessing church was against the Nazis. The leader ,Dietrich Bonhoeffer, was part of a plot to assassinate Hitler. The plan failed, he was arrested, sent to a concentration camp and hung.
3) Warsaw Ghetto uprising
