HIV drugs

Question 1

NRTI drugs (names)

Answer 1

Zidovudine (AZT)
Abacavir (ABC)
Didanosine (DDI)
Emtricitabine (FTC)
Stavudine (d4T)
Tenofovir (TDF)

Question 2

NRTI drug MOA

Answer 2

analog of nucleoside in virus

inhib HIV reverse transcriptase –> not viral replication

Question 3

NRTI drug indication

Answer 3

HIV tx

HIV prophylaxis

Question 4

NRTI drug ADRs

Answer 4

lipodystrophy (hypertrophy or atrophy)
hepatic steatosis (fatty liver)
lactic acidosis (rare)

Question 5

Abacavir (ABC) ADRs

Answer 5

rash

maybe increased risk of MI

Question 6

Abacavir (ABC) CI

Answer 6

HLA-B 5701 gene

screen before giving drug– if have it will prob get hypersensitivity rxn on 1st try

Question 7

Stavudine (d4T) ADRs

Answer 7

lipodystrophy (very imp)
pancreatitis
peripheral neuropathy

Question 8

Didanosine (DDI) ADRs

Answer 8

neuropathy
GI intol
pancreatitis
possible increased MI
possible portal HTN

Question 9

zidovudine (AZT) extra indication

Answer 9

given to moms to prevent mom-to-child transmission

Question 10

zidovudine (AZT) ADRs

Answer 10

HA
GI intol
lipoatrophy
bone-marrow suppression

Question 11

Tenofovir (TDF)

Answer 11

renal pros
decrease bone-mineral density (watch for broken bones)
HA
GI intol

Question 12

NNRTI drug (names)

Answer 12

Efavirenz (EFV)
Nevirapine (NVP)
Rilpinavir (RPV)

Question 13

NNRTI drug MOA

Answer 13

inhib HIV’s reverse transcriptase

Question 14

NNRTI drug ADRs

Answer 14

hepatotoxicity
SJS
rash

Question 15

Efavirenz (EFV) ADRs

Answer 15

teratogenic (caution with preg)
neuropsych
dyslipidemia
neural tube defects in newborns

Question 16

Nevirapine (NVP) ADRs

Answer 16

dangerous/severe/life-threat hepatotoxicity

rash (very common)

Question 17

Rilpinavir (RPV) ADRs

Answer 17

some neuropsych (depression) but pretty mild

Question 18

Integrase inhibitors (II or INSTI) MOA

Answer 18

affect virus’ ability to get into the cell–>virus cant replicate

Question 19

integrase inhibitor drug (names)

Answer 19

Dolutegravir (DTG)
Elvitegravir/cobistat (EVG/COBI)
Raltegravir (RAL)

Question 20

Dolutegravir (DTG) ADRs

Answer 20

HA
insomnia
rash/hypersensitivity rxn

Question 21

Elvitegravir/cobistat (EVG/COBI) ADRs

Answer 21

decreased kidney clearance
increased risk of TDF-related nephrotoxicity
N/D

Question 22

Raltegravir (RAL) ADRs

Answer 22

HA
N/V
CPK elevation, myopathy, rhabdomylosis
rash

Question 23

Protease Inhibitors (PI) (names)

Answer 23

Atazanavir (ATV)
Fosamprenavir (FPV)
Darunavir (DRV)
Indinavir (IDV)
Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r)
Nelfinavir (NFV)
Saquinavir (SQV)
Tipranavir (TPV)

Question 24

Protease inhibitor MOA

Answer 24

not sure
outside of RNA/DNA
affect the end of the virus life-cycle

Question 25

protease inhibitor ADRs

Answer 25

``` metabolic stuff: hyperlipidemia lipodystrophy hepatotoxicity GI intol some increased bleeding (esp with hemophilia) ```

Question 26

Atazanavir (ATV) ADRs

Answer 26

hyperbilirubinemia PR elong nephrolithiasis, cholelithisis (stones)

Question 27

Fosamprenavir (FPV) ADRs

Answer 27

GI intol rash maybe increased MI

Question 28

Darunavir (DRV) ADRs

Answer 28

rash | liver toxicity

Question 29

Indinavir (IDV) ADRs

Answer 29

kidney stones GI metab effects (DM/insulin resistance)

Question 30

Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) ADRs

Answer 30

GI intol DM/insulin resistance poss MI risk PR and QT elongation

Question 31

Nelfinavir (NFV) ADRs

Answer 31

diarrhea

Question 32

Saquinivir (SQV) ADRs

Answer 32

GI intol | PR and QT prlongation

Question 33

Tipranavir (TPV) ADRs

Answer 33

GI intol rash hyperlipidemia liver toxicity

Question 34

Tipranavir (TPV) CI

Answer 34

don't use with hepatic insufficiency-- can cause brain bleed

Question 35

Fusion inhibitor (names)

Answer 35

Enfuvirtide (ENF, T-20)

Question 36

Enfuvirtide (ENF) MOA

Answer 36

attach to cell wall-- virus cell cant fuse with host cell

Question 37

Enfuvirtide ADRs

Answer 37

injection site rxn hypersensitivity increased risk of bact pneumo

Question 38

CCR5 antagonist (names)

Answer 38

Maraviroc

Question 39

Maraviroc MOA

Answer 39

binds virus cell prot-- prevents virus from attaching to host cell

Question 40

Maraviroc ADRs

Answer 40

``` rash abd pn URI/cough hepatotoxicity musculoskeletal probs orthostasis (esp with renal dz) lots of drug interactions ```

Question 41

HIV drug boosters (names)

Answer 41

ritonavir | cobicistat

Question 42

ritonavir ADRs

Answer 42

GI upset hyperlipidemia highBGL hepatitis

Question 43

ritonavir caution

Answer 43

P450 3A4 inhib

Question 44

cobicistat ADRs

Answer 44

GI | decrease liver fnx

Question 45

cobicistat caution

Answer 45

P450 3A4 inhib