HLE Final Exam Flashcards
(53 cards)
A microscopic single-celled organism with a cell wall; may be helpful or harmful to humans
Bacterium
The process of conferring immunity to a pathogen by administering a vaccine to a person
Immunization
A microscopic single-celled organism that often produces recurrent, cyclical attacks of disease
Protozoan
A single-celled or multi-celled organism that reproduced by spores and feeds on organic matter; examples include molds, mushrooms, and yeasts. Some diseases include yeast infections, athlete’s foot, and ringworm
Fungus
An infection spread by the blood or lymphatic system to large portions of the body
Systemic Infection
Immunity to infection acquired by the activation of antigen-specific lymphocytes in response to infection or immunization. Results in immunological memory
Adaptive Immunity
Inflammation of the lungs, typically caused by infection or exposure to chemical toxins or irritants
Pneumonia
Infection of the respiratory tract by the _______ virus, which is highly infection and prone to variation; the form changes rapidly; commonly known as the flu
Influenza
A rapidly spreading disease or health-related condition
Epidemic
A very small infectious agent composed of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat; lacks an independent metabolism and reproduces only within a host cell
Virus
A chronic viral infection that progressively damages the body’s immune system; invades CD4 T-cells, macrophages, and other essential elements of the immune system
HIV Infection
A blood test to determine whether a person has been infected with HIV; becomes positive within weeks or months of exposure
HIV Antibody Test
An ascending infection that progresses from the vagina and cervix to the uterus, oviducts, and pelvic cavity
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
A fungal infection common in people infected with HIV
Pneumocystis Pneumonia
An advanced stage of HIV infection
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
A form of cancer characterized by purple or brownish lesions that are generally painless and occur anywhere on the skin; usually appears in persons infected with HIV
Kaposi’s Sarcoma
The pathogen that causes human warts, including genital warts, as well as anal and genital cancers
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
A sexually transmitted bacterial infection caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae that usually affects the mucous membranes
Gonorrhea
Has symptoms which causes urinary discomfort and discharge from the penis
Urethritis
A test used to detect the presence of HIV RNA and to determine the viral load (the amount of HIV in the blood)
HIV Nucleic Acid Test
A sexually transmitted bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum
Syphilis
A condition that may be linked to sexual activity; caused by an overgrowth of certain bacteria inhabiting the vagina
Bacterial Vaginosis
A sexually transmitted viral infection characterized by growths on the genitals; also called genital HPV infection or condyloma. Persistence of HPV infection predisposes the infected person to some forms of genital cancers
Genital Warts
A contagious skin disease caused by a type of burrowing parasitic mite
Scabies
