HM Chapter 07: Oral Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

When do first teeth (baby teeth) form?

Answer 1

• Occurs between 5th and 6th week of prenatal life

- Occurs in 3 stages: BUD stage, CAP stage (proliferation), BELL stage (histodifferentiation)

Question 2

Ameleoblast

Answer 2

Enamel forming cells

Question 3

Odontoblast

Answer 3

Dentin forming cells

Question 4

Apposition

Answer 4

Depositing of the matrix for the hard surface

Question 5

Calcification

Answer 5

Process of organic tissue becoming hardened, builds in layers

Question 6

Eruption

Answer 6

When tooth comes into proper position

Question 7

Exfoliation

Answer 7

When the root reabsorbs and the tooth falls out

Question 8

Crown

Answer 8

• Anatomic crown: Encased in enamel

- Clinical crown: Part exposed in the mouth

Question 9

Root

Answer 9

-Covered in cementum; Separation called furcation (2 separations called bifurcation)

Question 10

Enamel

Answer 10

• Translucent, calcified substance that covers the anatomical crown and protects the dentin
• Hardest tissue in the body, can endure 100,000 psi
• 96% inorganic minerals, 1% organic mineral, 3% water

Question 11

Dentin

Answer 11

• Largest portion of the tooth, yellow in coloration

- 70% inorganic matter, 30% organic matter and water

Question 12

Cementum

Answer 12

-Covers the roots, anchors teeth to tooth sockets

Question 13

Dental pulp

Answer 13

-Where the formation of dentin is

Question 14

Periodontium

Answer 14

-Tissue that surround and support the teeth collectively

Question 15

Masticatory tissue

Answer 15

• Tissue that covers the hard palate and gingival

- It is keratinized

Question 16

Hard palate structure

Answer 16

Incisive papilla, palatine raphe, palatine rugae

Question 17

Gingiva

Answer 17

-Specialized masticatory mucosa, firm and resistant
-Unattached gingiva
-Gingival margin, gingival sulcus, epithelial attachment,
interdental papillae

Question 18

Lining mucosa

Answer 18

• Found on inside of lips, cheeks, vestibule and under the tongue
• Thin and fragile

Question 19

What is the chief function of pulp?

Answer 19

The formation of dentin. It furnishes nourishment
to the dentin; provides sensation to the tooth; and responds to irritation, either by forming reparative secondary dentin or by becoming inflamed.

Question 20

Oral mucosa consists of 3 types:

Answer 20

Masticatory mucosa (hard palate), Lining Mucosa
(lips, cheeks), and Specialized Mucosa (tongue)

Question 21

The alveolar socket is…

Answer 21

The cavity within the alveolar process in which the root of the tooth is held by the periodontal ligament

Question 22

What is the unattached gingiva?

Answer 22

Portion of gingiva that extends from the gingival crest to the crest of the bone

Question 23

What does interdental papilla do?

Answer 23

Helps prevent food from packing between the teeth

Question 24

What are the second molars called?

Answer 24

The second molars are often canned the 12-year molars because they erupt when a child is about 12-years old

Question 25

How man proximal surfaces foes a tooth have?

Answer 25

2

Question 26

How many quadrants does the mouth have?

Answer 26

4

Question 27

What does each quadrant contains?

Answer 27

Central incisor, lateral incisor, cuspid, 1st bicuspid, | 2nd bicuspid, 1st, 2nd, and 3rd molar

Question 28

What is the universal numbering system?

Answer 28

Teeth are numbered from right maxillary 3rd molar (#1) to | right mandibular 3rd molar (#2)

Question 29

How is the primary numbering system used?

Answer 29

Teeth are labeled A-T

Question 30

What are the surfaces of the tooth?

Answer 30

- Facial surface: Towards the lips or cheek - Mesial surface: Proximal surface closest to the midline of the arch - Distal surface: Orientated away from midline of the arch - Lingual surface: Faces towards the tongue - Embrasure: Interproximal space that isn’t occupied - Diastema: Interproximal space with no contact point

Question 31

Vertical overlap

Answer 31

Extension of maxillary teeth over mandibular counterparts (overbite)

Question 32

Curve of Spee

Answer 32

Slight curved plane of the lower teeth

Question 33

Curve of Wilson

Answer 33

Concave curve of the mandibular arch

Question 34

Occlusional plane

Answer 34

Combination of the Curve of Wilson and the Curve of Spee

Question 35

Dental Angle Class I

Answer 35

Normal

Question 36

Dental Angle Class II

Answer 36

Retrognathic (overbite)

Question 37

Dental Angle Class III

Answer 37

Prognathic (underbite)