ho Flashcards
What are the three types of neurons?
- Sensory neurons
- Motor neurons
- Interneurons
Neurons are the fundamental units of the nervous system.
What are synapses?
Junctions between neurons where communication occurs
Synapses allow for the transmission of signals through neurotransmitters.
What are neurotransmitters?
Chemical messengers that transmit signals across synapses
Neurotransmitters play a critical role in communication within the nervous system.
What are hormones?
Chemical substances produced by glands that regulate various functions in the body
Hormones can affect growth, metabolism, and mood among other processes.
How do hormones send messages?
Through the bloodstream to target organs
Hormones communicate information and regulate processes by binding to specific receptors.
What is the main function of hormones?
To regulate bodily functions and maintain homeostasis
Hormones influence various physiological processes including metabolism and growth.
What is a negative feedback system?
A control mechanism that counteracts changes in the body to maintain homeostasis
It is essential for regulating temperature, glucose levels, and other physiological parameters.
What is the stimulus-response model?
A framework to describe how organisms respond to stimuli in their environment
This model is fundamental in understanding reflex actions and behavioral responses.
What are the main glands in the body?
- Pituitary gland
- Thyroid gland
- Adrenal glands
- Pancreas
- Gonads
These glands are responsible for the secretion of hormones that regulate various body functions.
What is reflex action?
An automatic response to a sensory stimulus
Reflex actions are controlled by the spinal cord and do not involve conscious thought.
Fill in the blank: The three types of neurons are _______.
sensory, motor, interneurons
What is the largest part of the human brain?
Cerebrum
True or False: The cerebellum is responsible for balance and coordination.
True
Fill in the blank: The _____ is responsible for processing visual information.
Occipital lobe
What part of the brain is responsible for regulating vital functions such as heart rate and breathing?
Medulla oblongata
Which lobe of the brain is primarily involved in processing auditory information?
Temporal lobe
Multiple Choice: Which structure connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain? (A) Cerebellum (B) Corpus callosum (C) Brainstem (D) Thalamus
B) Corpus callosum
What is the function of the frontal lobe?
Involved in reasoning, planning, problem-solving, and motor function.
True or False: The brainstem is responsible for higher cognitive functions.
False
Fill in the blank: The _____ lobe is associated with touch and spatial awareness.
Parietal lobe
What part of the brain is primarily responsible for emotions and memory?
Limbic system
Multiple Choice: Which part of the brain is involved in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness? (A) Hypothalamus (B) Amygdala (C) Hippocampus (D) Cerebellum
A) Hypothalamus
What is the role of the thalamus?
Acts as a relay station for sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex.
