Holistic

Question 1

In 2020, what percentage of the UK pop was 65+

Answer 1

18.9%

Question 2

In 2013 how many items where dispensed and how many where for the over 65 bracket?

Answer 2

1 billion items dispensed, 600 million for 65+

Question 3

what is the CGA?

Answer 3

comprehensive geriatric assessment - assessing physical, mental social, functional environmental

Question 4

what is translational research?

Answer 4

process of taking the findings from basic clinical, using then to produce innovation in healthcare - bench to bed

Question 5

what is the male UK LE?

Answer 5

79.5

Question 6

what is the female UK LE?

Answer 6

83.1

Question 7

what are the 5 main issues with healthcare and older people?

Answer 7

1. multiple comorbidities
2. non specific symptoms
3. atypical/ late presentation of symptoms
4. lack of physiological reserve
5. altered drug metabolism

Question 8

What system is used to measure fraility?

Answer 8

Rockwood score - 1 being very fit and 9- terminally ill

Question 9

define postural hypotension

Answer 9

fall in systolic bp by 20mmHg or diastolic falls by 10mmHg from lying to standing

Question 10

what causes postural hypotension?

Answer 10

failure of postural compensatory mechanisms - ageing causes reduced elasticity and degeneration of sympathetic NS

Question 11

how many adults in the UK take one or more unnecessary medication?

Answer 11

50%

Question 12

define polypharmacy?

Answer 12

5+ medications at a time

Question 13

what is the incidence of falls in the 65+ group

Answer 13

30%

Question 14

what is the incidence of falls in the 85+ group?

Answer 14

40%

Question 15

how many falls result in serious injury?

Answer 15

5-10%

Question 16

what are the risk factors for falls?

Answer 16

age (postural hypotension), alcohol, medications, previous falls, impaired ADL, pain, sarcopenia, arthritis, gait/ balance abnormalities, walking aids

Question 17

how does NCL approach falls as a prevention?

Answer 17

the MDT based falls and syncope service based at the Belsay Unit - day hospital

Question 18

what is special about the ncl falls service?

Answer 18

it is the largest in europe

Question 19

how many neck of femur fractures are there per year?

Answer 19

70,000

Question 20

how did covid-19 effect neck of femur fractures?

Answer 20

common complications of bacterial pneumonia and acute kidney injury - prolonged hospital stay

Question 21

what is pain management in femur fractiures?

Answer 21

acetaminophen, NSAIDS (used with proton pump inhib), opioids

Question 22

what surgery is used in hip/ femur fractures?

Answer 22

arthroplasty - can be total or partial

Question 23

when was the NHS founded and by who?

Answer 23

founded in July 1948 by Bevin

Question 24

what where the NHS founding principles?

Answer 24

1. meet needs of everyone
2. free at point of delivery
3. based on clinical need

Question 25

How much care does NHS deliver every 36 hrs?

Answer 25

care to 1 million people

Question 26

what is the NHS budget and what was it?

Answer 26

now it is 116bn, it was 437M in 1948 which is roughly 15bn.

Question 27

how many employees does the NHS have?

Answer 27

1.5M - it is the worlds fifth largest employer

Question 28

what is the function of MDT?

Answer 28

utilise each owns specialist skills and knowledge to ensure high quality patient centred care

Question 29

define disease

Answer 29

disease - pathological process that is a deviation from the biological norm

Question 30

define illness

Answer 30

illness- feeling and experience from unhealth and that is entirely personal to each individual and often accompanied with disease

Question 31

define sickness

Answer 31

sickness- view on society on illness/ disease and how it it effects this

Question 32

what is the function of CGA at a day hospital?

Answer 32

out patient facilities in one location

Question 33

what is the prevalence of chronic illness within the 50-64yr group?

Answer 33

25%

Question 34

what is hypovalemia?

Answer 34

low ecm volume