Homologues, orthologues, and paraolgues

Question 1

Homologues

Answer 1

Are regions of genomes. or portions of proteins, that are derived from a common ancestor. Because only in rare cases can we actually observe the ancestor-descendant relationship, most assignments of homology are inferences from similarity in sequence, structure, and/ or genomic context.

Question 2

Paralogues

Answer 2

Are related genes that have diverged to provide separate functions in the same species
-ex. alpha and beta-chains of human haemoglobin

Question 3

Orthologues

Answer 3

Are homologues that perform the same function in different species
-ex. human and horse myoglobin