Hoof/Claw

Question 0

Hoof capsule

Answer 0

epidermal part of the hoof

Question 1

Parts of the Hoof

Answer 1

epidermis and dermis

Question 2

Foot

Answer 2

hoof capsule + everything inside it (CCT, bn, etc.)

Question 3

Corium

Answer 3

dermis

Question 4

keratinized surfaces of hoof

Answer 4

wall, sole, frog

Question 5

hardness of keratin (Hardest to softest)

Answer 5

wall > sole > frog

Question 6

Divisions of hoof wall

Answer 6

Stratum externum
Stratum medium
Stratum internum

Question 7

Stratum Externum

Answer 7

• outermost layer of hoof wall
• very thin! thickest proximally
• made of horn tubules & intertubular horn

Question 8

Stratum Medium

Answer 8

• middle layer of hoof wall
• VERY thick.
• made of horn tubules and intertubular horn
• very dense & tough.
• were shoe nails go

Question 9

Stratum Internum

Answer 9

• innermost layer of hoof wall
• lots of projections/laminae that run from proximal to distal (PRIMARY LAMINAE)
  
  • ridge inside hoof wall, seen grossly, non-pigmented

Question 10

Hoof capsule made by…

Answer 10

stratum basale!

Question 11

5 epidermal regions of the hoof

Answer 11

1. Stratum Externum
2. Stratum Medium
3. Stratum Internum
4. Sole
5. Frog

Question 12

What supports the epidermal regions of the hoof?

Answer 12

dermis or corium

Question 13

5 dermal regions of hoof

Answer 13

1. Perioplic Dermis
2. Coronary Dermis
3. Laminar Dermis
4. Sole Dermis
5. Frog Dermis

Question 14

Perioplic Dermis supports

Answer 14

stratum externum

Question 15

Coronary dermis supports

Answer 15

stratum medium

Question 16

laminar dermis supports

Answer 16

stratum internum

Question 17

sole dermis supports

Answer 17

sole

Question 18

frog dermis supports

Answer 18

frog

Question 19

Perioplic dermis

Answer 19

• narrow layer of dermis
• supports stratum basale
• small dermal papillae present

Question 20

Dermal papille

Answer 20

run from dermal region into the epidermal region to supply it with nutrients

Question 21

Coronet

Answer 21

junction of skin of distal leg with proximal boundary of the hoof wall.

A LINE

Question 22

Coronary band

Answer 22

a region.

common name for the coronet

Question 23

Perioplic region

Answer 23

soft region of epidermis in the proximal hoof wall

proximal part of stratum externum

Question 24

Another name for the Perioplic Region

Answer 24

periople

Question 25

Hardness of hoof

Answer 25

wall > sole > frog > periople

Question 26

Coronary Region

Answer 26

junction between coronary dermis and epidermis

Question 27

Laminar region

Answer 27

junction of laminar dermis and laminar epidermis NO papillae with laminar dermis

Question 28

Sole Region

Answer 28

junction between sole dermis & sole epidermis

Question 29

Frog region

Answer 29

junction between frog dermis and frog epidermis

Question 30

White Zone

Answer 30

- white line | - junction between sole and wall (on bottom of hoof)

Question 31

Stratum externum made by

Answer 31

stratum basale in periople

Question 32

Coronary Dermis

Answer 32

- supports stratum basale | - large dermal papillae present

Question 33

Stratum Internum interaction with Laminar Dermis

Answer 33

primary dermal laminae interdigitate with primary epidermal laminae AND secondary dermal laminae interdigitate with secondary epidermal laminae LOOKS LIKE FEATHERS!

Question 34

Secondary dermal and secondary epidermal laminae

Answer 34

extensions of primary laminae

Question 35

Secondary epidermal laminae

Answer 35

lined by stratum basale that produces epidermis of stratum internum

Question 36

Horn Tubule (Tubular Horn)

Answer 36

epithelium overlying the dermal papilla

Question 37

Intertubular horn

Answer 37

epithelium between dermal papilla

Question 38

Growth of epidermal hoof (hoof capsule)

Answer 38

stratum externum -> proximal to distal stratum medium -> proximal to distal stratum internum -> inside to outside

Question 39

Do secondary epidermal laminae move in growth?

Answer 39

NO. their stratum basale cells must remain attached to basement membrane.

Question 40

Cloven Hoof

Answer 40

- walk on 2 pointed toes - no frog or bars - bulb of heel is present - sole, wall, white zone/line present

Question 41

Non-equine hoof vs. equine hoof

Answer 41

Non-equine hoof has ONLY primary epidermal and dermal laminae! NO feathers!

Question 42

Claw

Answer 42

cornified (keratinized) structure

Question 43

Claw plate

Answer 43

2 lateral sides/walls

Question 44

central dorsal ridge

Answer 44

dorsal midline of the claw

Question 45

sole of claw

Answer 45

flaky keratin underneath claw walls

Question 46

Sections of a claw

Answer 46

Dermis, stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum corneum,

Question 47

Coronary border of claw

Answer 47

proximal border of claw

Question 48

Where is stratum basale of claw most active?

Answer 48

coronary border and dorsal ridge of claw

Question 49

Where is most of the claw made from?

Answer 49

Stratum basale at coronary border and dorsal ridge

Question 50

Where is stratum spinosum thickest at?

Answer 50

dorsal ridge area

Question 51

Sole contains...

Answer 51

stratum granulosum and stratum lucidum

Question 52

Dermis in claw

Answer 52

- underlies & supports stratum basale & spinosum - fills area between distal phalanx & epidermal structures - fuses with periosteum of distal phalanx

Question 53

Claw growth

Answer 53

- proximal to distal in circular fashion. | - originates from coronary border under claw fold

Question 54

Horn Tubule Function

Answer 54

To absorb & distribute the concussive force of the hoof wall as it hits the ground. the horn tubules act as "springs" or "spring steel" in the hoof wall