Hormone MasterList

Question 1

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)

Answer 1

Structure: peptide

Location: Hypothalamus

Function: Stimulates ACTH

Question 2

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)

Answer 2

Structure: peptide

Location: Hypothalamus

Function: Stimulates GH release

Question 3

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of somatostatin (aka growth hormone inhibitory hormone)

Answer 3

Structure: peptide

Location: Hypothalamus

Function: Inhibits GH release

Question 4

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Answer 4

Structure: Peptide

Location: Hypothalamus

Function: Stimulates FSH and LH release

Question 5

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of prolactin-inhibiting factor (PIF, aka dopamine)

Answer 5

Structure: peptide

Location: Hypothalamus

Function: Inhibits prolactin release

Question 6

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)

Answer 6

Structure: Peptide

Location: Hypothalamus

Function: Stimulates TSH and prolactin release

Question 7

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Answer 7

Structure: Peptide

Location: Anterior pituitary

Function: Trophic to adrenal cortex; Stimulates synthesis and secretion of cortisol, aldosterone, and androgens

Question 8

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer 8

Structure: peptide

Location: Anterior pituitary

Function: Promotes sperm maturation via Sertoli cells in testes and Stimulates ovarian follicle development

Question 9

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of growth hormone (GH)

Answer 9

Structure: peptide

Location: Anterior pituitary

Function: Acute metabolic effects oppose insulin; chronic growth-promoting effect via insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)

Question 10

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of lutenizing hormone (LH)

Answer 10

Structure: peptide

Location: Anterior pituitary

Function: Stimulates Leydig cells of testes to secrete testosterone; surge key to ovulation and formation of corpus luteum

Question 11

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of prolactin

Answer 11

Structure: Peptide

Location: Anterior pituitary

Function: Required in lactation for mammary growth, initiation of milk secretion, and maintenacne of milk production

Question 12

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Answer 12

Structure: peptide

Location: Anterior pituitary

Function: Stimulates synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones

Question 13

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of antidiuretic hormone/vasopressin

Answer 13

Structure: Peptide

Location: Posterior pituitary

Function: Increases kidney water retention; constricts arterioles

Question 14

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of oxytocin

Answer 14

Structure: peptides

Location: Posterior pituitary

Function: Stimulates uterine contractions during labor and milk ejection in lactation

Question 15

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4)

Answer 15

Structure: amine

Location: Posterior pituitary

Function: increases metabolic rate and is key to grwoth and development

Question 16

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of aldosterone

Answer 16

Structure: Steroid

Location: Adrenal cortex

Function: Decreases urinary Na+ excretion and icnreases urinary K+ and H+ excretion

Question 17

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of cortisol

Answer 17

Structure: Steroid

Location: Adrenal cortex

Function: Released in response to stress and has various metabolic actions

Question 18

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of epi/norepinephrine

Answer 18

Structure: Amine

Location: Adrenal medulla

Function: Produces effects similar to SNS

Question 19

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of Insulin

Answer 19

Structure: Petide

Location: Pancreas B cells

Function: Promotes glucose storage as glycogen in liver and muscle and as triglyceride in adipose tissue and the liver

Question 20

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of glucagon

Answer 20

Structure: peptide

Location: Pancreas alpha cells

Function: Increases blood glucose by promoting glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, and ketogenesis in the liver

Question 21

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of parathyroid hormone

Answer 21

Structure: Peptide

Location: Parathyroid

Function: increases bone Ca2+ resorption and renal and interstitial Ca2+ absorption; increases renal phosphate excretion

Question 22

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of testosterone

Answer 22

Structure: Steroid

Location: Testes

Function: Male puberty, development, and maintenance of male repro organs and secondary sex characteristics

Question 23

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of estrogen

Answer 23

Structure: Steroid

Location: Ovaries

Function: Female development

Question 24

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of progesterone

Answer 24

Structure: Steroid

Location: Ovaries

Function: Supports secretory phase of endometrial cycle and is important in maintenance of pregnancy

Question 25

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Answer 25

Structure: Peptide Location: Placenta Function: Maintains corpus luteum in early pregnancy

Question 26

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS)

Answer 26

Structure: Peptide Location: Placenta Function: Supports breast development in pregnancy and regulates fuel emtabolism of fetoplacental unit

Question 27

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of gastrin

Answer 27

Structure: Peptide Location: Stomach Function: Stimulates HCl release by parietal cells of the gastric mucosa

Question 28

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of cholecystokinin (CCK)

Answer 28

Structure: Peptide Location: Small Intestine Function: Stimulates release of pancreatic enzymes; contracts gallbladder; relaxes spincter of Oddi; acts as satiety signal

Question 29

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of secretin

Answer 29

Structure: Peptide Location: Small intestine Function: Increases fluid and HCO3- secretion by pancreatic duct and provides a feedback inhibition of gastric H+ secretion

Question 30

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

Answer 30

Structure: Peptide Location: Heart Function: Increases renal Na+ excretion

Question 31

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of renin

Answer 31

Structure: Peptide Location: Kidney Function: converts angiotensinogen to angio I

Question 32

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol

Answer 32

Structure: Steroid Location: Kidneys Function: Stimulates intestinal Ca2+ and phosphate absorption

Question 33

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of EPO

Answer 33

Structure: peptide Location: Kidney Function: Stimulates RBC production