Hormones Flashcards
(27 cards)
Growth hormone
from anterior pituitary, increases bone and muscle growth and increases cell turnover rate
prolactin
from anterior pituitary, targets mammary glands for milk production
thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
from anterior pituitary, stimulates thyroid to increase release/synthesis of thyroid hormone
adrenocorticotropic homrone (ACTH)
from anterior pituitary, increase growth and secretory activity of adrenal cortex
luteinizing hormone (LH)
from anterior pituitary, targets ovary for ovulation and testes for testosterone synthesis
follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
from anterior pituitary, targets ovary for follicle development and testes for spermatogenesis
antidiuretic hormone (ADH, aka vasopressin)
from posterior pituitary, targets kidney for water retention
oxytocin
from posterior pituitary, targets breast for milk letdown and uterus for contraction
thyroid hormone
from thyroid, necessary for physical and mental development in children and increases metabolic rate and temperature in adults
calcitonin
from thyroid cells, lowers calcium levels in the blood and stimulates bone building
parathyroid hormone (PTH)
from parathyroid, stimulates bone breakdown to raise calcium level
thymosin
from thymus, incolved with T cell development during childhood only
epinephrine
from adrenal medulla, involved in sympathetic stress response (rapid)
cortisol (glucocorticoid)
from adrenal cortex, longer-term stress response by increasing blood glucose, increasing protein catabolism, decreasing inflammation and immunity
aldosterone (mineralocorticoid)
from adrenal cortex, targets kidneys to increase Na+ reabsorption to increase blood pressure
sex steroids
from adrenal cortex
insulin
secreted from beta cells of pancreas, absent in diabetes, decreases blood glucose and increasing glycogen and fat storage
glucagon
secreted from alpha cells of pancrease, increases blood glucose and decreases glycogen/fat storage
somatostatin
released from pancreas to inhibit digestive processes
testosterone
from testes, male characteristics, spermatogenesis
estrogen
from ovaries/placenta, female characteristics and endometrial growth
progesterone
from ovaries/placenta, endometrial secretion and pregnancy
atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)
released from the heart, targets kidneys to increase urination to decrease blood pressure
erythropoietin
from kidneys, targets bone marrow to increase red blood cell synthesis
