hot weather

Question 1

What are the ways heat can be transferred?

Answer 1

Conduction -direct physical contact
Convection -from the body to air & water surrounding the body
Radiation -heat electromagnetic waves
Evaporation -liquid into gaseous phase

Question 2

What is the body’s dominat form of heat loss in a hot environment?

Answer 2

Radiation

Evaporation

Question 3

What happens when air temperature exceeds 95 degrees?

Answer 3

Radiation heat loss ceases

Question 4

When heat is generated or gained by the body faster than it can be dissipated?

Answer 4

Heat stress

Question 5

What are some contributing factors of a heat injury?

Answer 5

Medications (Beta Blockers)
Obesity
Dehydration
Skin disorders that inhibit sweating

Question 6

How much water can a person lose in severe heat?

Answer 6

1 liter or more per hour

Question 7

How much water can the gut absorb per hour?

Answer 7

1200ml

Question 8

1200ml

Answer 8

FALSE

Question 9

What should be done when water is in short supply?

Answer 9

Limit activity to the coolest part of the day or the night

Question 10

How much should you dilute a sports drink?

Answer 10

1/3 - ½

Question 11

How much of body weight is lost during mild dehydration?

Answer 11

2-3%

Question 12

T or F. Thirst is a poor indicator of adequate hydration?

Answer 12

TRUE

Question 13

Can salt tablets by used as an oral salt source?

Answer 13

No

Question 14

How long does it take to acclimatize?

Answer 14

8-11 days

Question 15

How much should you increase activity each day to acclimatize?

Answer 15

1-2 hours per day

Question 16

What is a benefit of acclimatization?

Answer 16

The body retains salt which conserves plasma volume

Question 17

How does creatine and amino acids affect dehydration?

Answer 17

Increase requirement for water

Question 18

What temperature and environment can heat injuries occur at?

Answer 18

Any temp

Any environment

Question 19

What conditions do most heat injuries occur?

Answer 19

Ambient temperatures

High humidity

Question 20

What are the types of heat related injuries?

Answer 20

Prickly heat
Heat syncope
Heat cramps
Heat exhaustion
Heat stroke

Question 21

What is another name for prickly heat?

Answer 21

Miliaria Rubra

Question 22

S&S of prickly heat?

Answer 22

Erythematous, popular and pruritic rash

Question 23

Complication of prickly heat?

Answer 23

Can interfere with sweating, causing heat exhaustion or heatstroke

Question 24

Medication for prickly heat (Miliaria Rubra)?

Answer 24

Antihistamines
Chlorhexidine cream
Dicloxacillin or Erithro

Question 25

Management of Heat Syncope?

Answer 25

Secondary assessment for trauma from fall Trendelenburg Cooling Fluids

Question 26

What kind of fluids are good for heat syncope?

Answer 26

0.1% salt solution

Question 27

When do heat cramps usually occur?

Answer 27

During or after work effort

Question 28

Management for heat cramps?

Answer 28

ORS in 1ltr | Rest in cool place

Question 29

What is the most common heat injury?

Answer 29

Heat exhaustion

Question 30

What is the onset of heat exhaustion?

Answer 30

3-5 days

Question 31

S&S of heat exhaustion?

Answer 31

Flu-like Orthostatic hypotension 104* with profuse sweating Normal mental status

Question 32

What will the pulse and respirations be like with heat exhaustion?

Answer 32

Respirations – Rapid & Shallow | Pulse – Weak & Thready

Question 33

Is heat stroke a true medical emergency?

Answer 33

Yes

Question 34

How can you distinguish heat stroke from heat exhaustion?

Answer 34

Presence of neurological symptoms | Temp > 105*

Question 35

S&S of heat stroke?

Answer 35

Ataxic gate Anhydrases Seizure

Question 36

What is anhydrases?

Answer 36

Inability to sweat normally

Question 37

Management of Heat Stroke?

Answer 37

Rapid cooling IV NS 1-2ltrs Diazepam (Valium)

Question 38

When should you discontinue cooling?

Answer 38

=101*F - 102*F

Question 39

What medication should you not give for heat stroke?

Answer 39

Benadryl (interferes with sweating)

Question 40

Treatment for 2nd degree sunburn?

Answer 40

Treat as 2nd degree thermal burn Bacitracin Silvadine NSAIDs

Question 41

What is the cause of hyponatremia?

Answer 41

Loss of salt from sweating | Drinking too much water (hemodilution)