How CO2 is naturally balanced Flashcards
2.2 (34 cards)
Where does photosynthesis take place?
Inside the leaves or young stems that capture solar energy.
What organelles are involved in photosynthesis?
Chloroplasts.
What type of membrane do chloroplasts have?
A double membrane.
What surrounds the stroma in chloroplasts?
The interior membrane.
What do thylakoids group to form inside the stroma?
Granum.
What do thylakoids contain that captures solar energy?
Pigments.
Write the simplified equation for photosynthesis.
6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6 O2.
What are the two main phases of photosynthesis?
Light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions.
What happens during the light-dependent reactions?
Water gets separated, liberating oxygen (O2) and synthesizing ATP and H+ captured in NADPH.
What are the products of light-dependent reactions used for?
e- are used to form ATP and H+ are transported to the stroma via NADP+ (as NADPH).
Where do light-independent reactions take place?
In the stroma.
What do ATP and NADPH from thylakoids do in light-independent reactions?
They are used when CO2 is transformed into carbohydrates (glucose).
What has increased to help model global climate?
Computing power.
What do atmospheric-ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs) simulate?
Long-term climatic conditions.
What are the two types of responses to global warming?
- Mitigation
- Adaptation
What is mitigation?
Taking action to prevent emissions.
What is adaptation?
Anticipating harm and planning adaptive responses to decrease vulnerability.
What is the cost of inaction regarding climate change?
Far more costly than taking action.
Who will be most affected by climate change?
The poorest countries.
What could result from climate change and resource scarcity?
Hundreds of millions of climate refugees.
What is the goal of the Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC)?
To stabilize GHG levels on a time scale that prevents interfering with climate.
What is the consequence of a 3°C rise in temperature?
Rising sea levels of 80 feet.
What did the FCCC agree to achieve by the year 2000?
Stabilize GHG emissions to 1990 levels in all industrialized nations.
What was the outcome of the FCCC’s approach?
It failed; developed countries increased GHG emissions by 7%–9%.
