How one design flaw almost toppled a skyscraper - Alex Gendler Flashcards

(51 cards)

1
Q

topple

A
verb
to (cause to) lose balance and fall down:
Syn:
fall or knock over; overthrow
collapse
oust
overturn
plunge
tumble
unseat
upset
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2
Q

skyscraper

A

Noun
a very tall modern building, usually in a city

syn:
tall building
high-rise

link:https://dictionary.cambridge.org/images/thumb/skyscr_noun_002_34107.jpg?version=5.0.170

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3
Q

occupy

A

verb
to fill, exist in, or use a place or period of time:

syn:
be busy with :
attend
employ
fill
involve
take up
reside; use:
cover
establish
fill
hold
inhabit
involve
keep
maintain
own
populate
remain
sit
stay
take up
seize, take over:
capture
conquer
hold
invade
keep
overrun
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4
Q

church

A

Noun
a building for Christian religious activities:

Syn:
religious institution, building
chapel
mosque
parish
sanctuary
shrine
synagogue
temple
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5
Q

stability

A

Noun
a situation in which something is not likely to move or change:

Syn:
resistance of some degree:
balance
cohesion
establishment
security
strength
support
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6
Q

aesthetic

A

ADJ
relating to the enjoyment or study of beauty:

Syn:
beautiful:
artistic
creative
esthetic
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7
Q

architectural

A

ADJ
relating to architecture(the art and practice of designing and making buildings:):\

Syn:
structural

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8
Q

foundation

A

noun (BUILDING)
the structures below the surface of the ground that support a building:

Syn: basis for something physical or mental
authority
base
bedrock
groundwork
infrastructure
support
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9
Q

cross-laminated timber

A

เทคโนโลยีไม้แปรรูป Cross-Laminated Timber หรือ CLT ได้มาจากการนำไม้หลายๆ ชิ้น มาเชื่อมอัดเข้าด้วยกาวต่อกันเป็นชั้นเลเยอร์ ในลักษณะครอสแนวขวางสลับกันไปมาในแต่ละชั้นเลเยอร์ นั่นจึงทำให้มวลของไม้ CLT มีความหนาแน่น และมีความแข็งแรงในการรับน้ำหนักเกินกว่าไม้ทั่วๆไป และเมื่อนำมาใช้กับระบบการผลิตแบบดิจิตอลที่เที่ยงตรงแม่นยำ จะทำให้สถาปนิกสามารถเนรมิตโครงสร้างไม้ที่หลากหลายเกินกว่าที่คนเมื่อศตวรรษก่อนเคยจินตนาการได้

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10
Q

laminated

A

ADJ
consisting of several thin layers of wood, plastic, glass, etc. stuck together:

Syn:
flaky

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11
Q

timber

A

Noun
trees that are grown so that the wood from them can be used for building:

Syn:
trees, wood:
forest
hardwood
log
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12
Q

brace

A

Noun
something that is used to support or connect things, or to make something stronger:

Syn:
support;
fortify
gird
prepare
ready
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13
Q

Tuned Mass Damper

A

Noun
A tuned mass damper (TMD) is a device consisting of a mass, a spring, and a damper that is attached to a structure in order to reduce the dynamic response of the structure.

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14
Q

lbs

A

Noun

Unit of mass

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15
Q

vulnerable

A

ADJ
able to be easily physically, emotionally, or mentally hurt, influenced, or attacked:

Syn:
open to attack;
accessible
defenseless
exposed
liable
ready
sensitive
susceptible
unsafe
weak
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16
Q

facade

A

noun (BUILDING)
the front of a building, especially a large or attractive building:

Syn:
appearance, often deceptive

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17
Q

construction

A

noun (BUILDING)
the work of building or making something, especially buildings, bridges, etc.:

Syn:
creation, building;
development
manufacture
plan
planning
structure
system
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18
Q

joints

A

Noun

a place where two things are fastened together:

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19
Q

prevent

A

verb
to stop something from happening or someone from doing something:

Syn:
keep from happening or continuing;
avert
avoid
bar
block
counter
forbid
forestall
halt
hamper
hinder
impede
inhibit
limit
preclude
prohibit
put an end to
restrain
restrict
rule out
stop
thwart
ward off
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20
Q

diagonal

A

Noun
a straight line that joins two opposite corners of a four-sided flat shape, such as a square

Syn:
angled;
crosswise
slanted

link: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/diagonal

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21
Q

motivation

A

Noun
the need or reason for doing something:

syn: 
ambition, inspiration;
catalyst
desire
encouragement
impetus
impulse
incentive
inclination
interest
motive
reason
wish
22
Q

pore over (something)

A

phrasal verb
to look at and study a book, document, etc. carefully:

Syn:
learn;
look;
mull;
peruse;
read;
regard;
scrutinize;
sift;
study;
lucubrate;
contemplate;
examine;
23
Q

stumble across/on/upon sth/sb

A

Verb
to find someone or something

Syn:
locate;
detect
discover
establish
pinpoint
spot
station
strike
uncover
unearth
uncover;
bring to light
crack
discover
divulge
expose
unearth
unearth;
ascertain
bring to light
determine
discover
dredge up
excavate
exhibit
exhume
expose
find
find out
reveal
uncover
chance;
detect;
catch
disclose
distinguish
encounter
expose
find
identify
notice
observe
recognize
reveal
see
spot
uncover
24
Q

potentially

A

ADV
possibly:

Syn:
conceivably;
likely
possibly
probably
25
deadly
ADJ able to harm you ``` Syn: causing end of life; bloody carcinogenic cruel dangerous destructive fatal harmful lethal malignant mortal murderous noxious pernicious poisonous savage suicidal toxic violent virulent ghostly; ghastly ```
26
oversight
Noun a mistake ``` Syn: failure, omission; lapse mistake neglect care, supervision; control handling inspection maintenance management surveillance ```
27
densely
ADV with a lot of things close together: Syn: dully; heavily;
28
district
Noun an area of a country or town that has fixed borders that are used for official purposes, or that has a particular feature that makes it different from surrounding areas: ``` Syn: geographical area; commune community department locality neighborhood parish precinct region section sector territory ```
29
feature
Noun a typical quality or an important part of something: ``` Syn: characteristic; article aspect character component detail element factor ingredient item quality trait highlight, special attraction; innovation special article in publication; column item piece story give prominence to; advertise emphasize headline mark present promote spotlight star ```
30
numerous
ADJ many: ``` Syn: many, abundant; big diverse great large plentiful various ```
31
precaution
Noun an action that is done to prevent something unpleasant or dangerous happening: ``` Syn: carefulness; preventative measure; care caution insurance protection provision safeguard safety measure ```
32
ensure
Verb to make something certain to happen: ``` Syn: guarantee; make secure; assure establish insure protect provide safeguard secure ```
33
chevron
Noun a shape like a V or an upside down V, used especially on the sleeve of a police or military uniform to show the wearer's rank, or on road signs in Britain to show a severe bend in the road
34
exoskeleton
Noun a hard outer layer that covers, supports, and protects the body of an invertebrate animal such as an insect or crustacean
35
withstand
Verb to be strong enough, or not be changed by something, or to oppose a person or thing successfully: ``` Syn: endure, bear; combat cope defy hold off repel resist ride out suffer thwart tolerate weather ```
36
encounter
Noun a meeting, especially one that happens by chance: ``` Syn: chance meeting; confrontation interview rendezvous fight, argument; action battle bout clash combat conflict contest dispute quarrel run-in skirmish violence happen upon; bear bump into come across come upon confront detect experience face find meet run into suffer turn up fight, attack; collide confront engage face meet ```
37
warrant
Verb used to say that you are certain about something: ``` Syn: guarantee, justify, authorize; affirm approve call for ensure explain necessitate permit require stipulate undertake uphold authorization; accreditation certificate credential license passport permission permit pledge sanction subpoena summons ticket ```
38
assure
Verb to tell someone confidently that something is true, especially so that they do not worry: ``` Syn: convince, relieve doubt; encourage persuade reassure satisfy promise; affirm confirm guarantee vow make certain; confirm ensure guarantee insure secure ```
39
handle
Verb to operate or control something that could be difficult or dangerous: ``` Syn: something to grip; knob shaft stem ``` nickname; ``` touch; check examine hold test try ``` ``` manage, take care of; administer conduct control deal with discuss employ exercise govern operate play serve supervise take treat use utilize work ``` carry as merchandise; offer sell
40
approve
Verb to have a positive opinion of someone or something: Syn: agree something is good; accept favor ``` allow, authorize; accept advocate agree authorize back certify confirm endorse establish license okay permit push for ratify recommend sanction sign support uphold ```
41
executive
Noun someone in a high position, especially in business, who makes decisions and puts them into action: Syn: administrative; managerial ``` person who manages an organization; administration administrator boss chief commander director entrepreneur government leader management manager officer official supervisor ```
42
reinforce
Verb to make something stronger: ``` Syn: strengthen, augment; add to bolster boost build up buttress emphasize enlarge fortify increase shore up stress support underline ```
43
delicate
ADJ needing careful treatment, especially because easily damaged: ``` Syn: dainty, weak; delicious delightful elegant exquisite fragile gentle graceful mild rare soft subtle tender ``` sickly; fragile slender tender ``` fussy, discriminating; critical gentle refined sensitive ``` ``` difficult, sticky (situation); critical precarious sensitive ticklish touchy tricky unpredictable volatile ``` ``` careful, tactful; deft detailed precise sensitive ```
44
approach
Verb to come closer in space or time ``` Syn: way, means of arriving; access path way ``` request, suggestion; appeal proposal proposition ``` plan of attack, resolution; attitude concept idea manner means method mode procedure program style technique way ``` ``` come nearer; come contact match meet near reach surround threaten ``` ``` make request, suggestion; address advise feel greet ``` begin; start
45
evacuation
Noun the act of moving people from a dangerous place to somewhere safe: Syn: removal; expulsion ``` withdrawal; departure exodus removal retreat ```
46
veer
Verb to change direction: ``` Syn: change direction; bend deflect depart deviate diverge divert drift pivot shift skid swerve swing twist whirl ```
47
convert
Verb to make different Syn: new believer; disciple follower ``` change; adapt; apply download modify remodel reorganize switch transform translate turn ``` ``` change belief, especially regarding religion; bring lead move save turn ```
48
press
Verb to push something firmly, often without causing it to move permanently further away from you: ``` Syn: people or person working in communications; journalist magazine media newspaper paper publisher reporter writer ``` horde, large group; crowd push on with force; express hold squeeze ``` pressure, trouble; assail demand force petition push squeeze sue urge worry ```
49
strike
verb to refuse to continue working because of an argument with an employer about working conditions, pay levels, or job losses: to cause a person or place to suffer severely from the effects of something very unpleasant that happens suddenly: ``` Syn: hit hard; beat collide crash drive force knock pummel punch smack touch ``` ``` make an impact; affect carry get hit move reach touch ``` ``` find, discover; arrive at catch reach seize take ``` ``` devastate, affect; afflict attack hit invade try ``` walk out of job in protest; negotiate stop
50
spanning
stretch over ยืด
51
reveal
verb to make known or show something that is surprising or that was previously secret: ``` Syn: disclose, tell; acknowledge admit affirm announce concede confess declare divulge explain expose inform publish report tell ``` ``` show, uncover; disclose display expose unveil ```