HPI Canine Technique

Question 1

Upper Thoracic PR

Answer 1

The doctor stands/kneels on the right side of the dog (same side as listing) and uses the superior hand to make a supported thumb contact on the right spinous. Remove any tissue slack. The inferior hand will reach over and around the left side to stabilize the thorax. The thrust is straight lateral to medial with slight caudal to cranial and dorsal to ventral, keeping wrist straight and forearm in line with LOC.

Question 2

Upper Thoracic PL

Answer 2

The doctor stands/kneels on the left side of the dog (same side as listing) and uses the superior hand to make a supported thumb contact on the left spinous. Remove any tissue slack. The inferior hand will reach over and around the right side to stabilize the thorax. The thrust is straight lateral to medial with slight caudal to cranial and dorsal to ventral, keeping wrist straight and forearm in line with LOC.

Question 3

Lower Thoracic PR

Answer 3

The doctor stands/kneels on the right side of the dog (same side as listing) and uses the superior hand to make a supported thumb contact on the right spinous. Remove any tissue slack. The inferior hand will reach over and around the left side to stabilize the thorax. The thrust is straight lateral to medial with slight caudal to cranial and dorsal to ventral, keeping wrist straight and forearm in line with LOC.

Question 4

Lower Thoracic PL

Answer 4

The doctor stands/kneels on the left side of the dog (same side as listing) and uses the superior hand to make a supported thumb contact on the left spinous. Remove any tissue slack. The inferior hand will reach over and around the right side to stabilize the thorax. The thrust is straight lateral to medial with slight caudal to cranial and dorsal to ventral, keeping wrist straight and forearm in line with LOC.

Question 5

Lower Thoracic LP

Answer 5

The doctor stands/kneels on the right side of the dog (opposite side of listing) and uses the inferior hand to make a supported thumb contact on the left transverse process. Remove any tissue slack. The superior hand will reach under to stabilize the thorax. The thrust is straight dorsal to ventral with torque toward the head (counterclockwise), keeping wrist straight and forearm in line with LOC.

Question 6

Lower Thoracic RP

Answer 6

The doctor stands/kneels on the left side of the dog (opposite side of listing) and uses the inferior hand to make a supported thumb contact on the right transverse process. Remove any tissue slack. The superior hand will reach under to stabilize the thorax. The thrust is straight dorsal to ventral with torque toward the head (clockwise), keeping wrist straight and forearm in line with LOC.

Question 7

Anterior Thoracic

Answer 7

The doctor stands/kneels on either side of the dog and uses the superior hand to make a supported thumb/v-trough contact on the superior spinous process of the anterior vertebra. Remove any tissue slack. The thrust is mostly cranial to caudal with slight dorsal to ventral and the doctor looking toward the tail of the animal, keeping wrist straight and forearm in line with LOC.

Question 8

Posterior Thoracic

Answer 8

The doctor stands/kneels on either side of the dog and uses the superior hand to make a supported thumb/v-trough contact on the inferior spinous process of the anterior vertebra. Remove any tissue slack. The thrust is mostly caudal to cranial with slight dorsal to ventral and the doctor looking toward the head of the animal, keeping wrist straight and forearm in line with LOC.

Question 9

Lumbar PR

Answer 9

The doctor stands/kneels on the right side of the dog (same side as listing) and uses the superior hand to make a supported thumb contact on the right spinous. Remove any tissue slack. The inferior hand will reach over and around the left side to stabilize the thorax/abdomen. The thrust is straight lateral to medial with slight caudal to cranial and dorsal to ventral, keeping wrist straight and forearm in line with LOC.

Question 10

Lumbar PL

Answer 10

The doctor stands/kneels on the left side of the dog (same side as listing) and uses the superior hand to make a supported thumb contact on the right spinous. Remove any tissue slack. The inferior hand will reach over and around the right side to stabilize the thorax/abdomen. The thrust is straight lateral to medial with slight caudal to cranial and dorsal to ventral, keeping wrist straight and forearm in line with LOC.

Question 11

Lumbar RP

Answer 11

The doctor stands/kneels on the left side of the dog (opposite side of listing) and uses the inferior hand to make a supported thumb contact on the right mammillary process. Remove any tissue slack. The superior hand will reach under to stabilize the thorax/abdomen. The thrust is straight dorsal to ventral with torque toward the head (clockwise), keeping wrist straight and forearm in line with LOC.

Question 12

Lumbar LP

Answer 12

The doctor stands/kneels on the right side of the dog (opposite side of listing) and uses the inferior hand to make a supported thumb contact on the left mammillary process. Remove any tissue slack. The superior hand will reach under to stabilize the thorax/abdomen. The thrust is straight dorsal to ventral with torque toward the head (counterclockwise), keeping wrist straight and forearm in line with LOC.

Question 13

Anterior Lumbar

Answer 13

The doctor stands/kneels on either side of the dog and uses the superior hand to make a supported thumb/v-trough contact on the superior spinous process of the anterior vertebra. Remove any tissue slack. The inferior hand will reach under to stabilize the thorax/abdomen. The thrust is mostly cranial to caudal with slight dorsal to ventral and the doctor looking toward the tail of the animal, keeping wrist straight and forearm in line with LOC.

Question 14

Posterior Lumbar

Answer 14

The doctor stands/kneels on either side of the dog and uses the inferior hand to make a supported thumb/v-trough contact on the inferior spinous process of the anterior vertebra. Remove any tissue slack. The superior hand will reach under to stabilize the thorax/abdomen. The thrust is mostly caudal to cranial with slight dorsal to ventral and the doctor looking toward the head of the animal, keeping wrist straight and forearm in line with LOC.

Question 15

Posterior Caudal Rib

Answer 15

The doctor stands/kneels on the opposite side of the involved rib, facing toward the head, and uses the inferior hand to make a supported thumb contact on the rib head (just lateral to the spinous process). Remove any tissue slack. The superior hand will reach under to stabilize the thorax/abdomen. The thrust is straight dorsal to ventral with a torque toward the head, keeping the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 16

Posterior Cranial Rib

Answer 16

The doctor stands/kneels on the opposite side of the involved rib, facing toward the tail, and uses the superior hand to make a supported thumb contact on the rib head (just lateral to the spinous process). Remove any tissue slack. The inferior hand will reach under to stabilize the thorax/abdomen. The thrust is straight dorsal to ventral with a torque toward the tail, keeping the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 17

Anterior Rib

Answer 17

The doctor stands/kneels on the opposite side of the involved rib and reaches under to apply firm finger pressure at the costal sternal joint in the direction of correction and stabilize the thorax. An assistant or the doctor will swing the ipsilateral front limb into full flexion then to full extension until the rib moves.

Question 18

Sacral Base Posterior

Answer 18

The doctor stands/kneels on either side of the dog and uses the inferior hand for a supported thumb/hypothenar contact over the S1 tubercle. Remove any tissue slack. The superior hand will stabilize below the abdomen. The thrust is dorsal to ventral and caudal to cranial, keeping the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 19

Left Base Posterior

Answer 19

The doctor stands/kneels on either side of the dog and uses the inferior hand for a supported thumb/hypothenar contact over the left S1 lamina. Remove any tissue slack. The superior hand will stabilize below the abdomen. The thrust is dorsal to ventral and caudal to cranial with some medial to lateral, keeping the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 20

Right Base Posterior

Answer 20

The doctor stands/kneels on either side of the dog and uses the inferior hand for a supported thumb/hypothenar contact over the right S1 lamina. Remove any tissue slack. The superior hand will stabilize below the abdomen. The thrust is dorsal to ventral and caudal to cranial with some medial to lateral, keeping the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 21

Sacral Segment Right

Answer 21

The doctor stands/kneels behind the dog and uses the right hand for a supported thumb contact on the right side of the involved sacral tubercle. Remove any tissue slack. The left hand will stabilize under the abdomen. The thrust is lateral to medial, with slight dorsal to ventral, keeping the wrist straight and the forearm in line with LOC.

Question 22

Sacral Segment Left

Answer 22

The doctor stands/kneels behind the dog and uses the left hand for a supported thumb contact on the left side of the involved sacral tubercle. Remove any tissue slack. The right hand will stabilize under the abdomen. The thrust is lateral to medial, with slight dorsal to ventral, keeping the wrist straight and the forearm in line with LOC.

Question 23

Sacral Apex Left

Answer 23

The doctor stands/kneels behind the dog and uses the left hand for a supported thumb contact on the left side of the sacral apex (S3 lamina/tubercle). Remove any tissue slack. The right hand will stabilize under the abdomen. The thrust starts as 5-10 seconds of traction and is lateral to medial and dorsal to ventral, keeping the wrist straight and the forearm in line with LOC.

Question 24

Sacral Apex Right

Answer 24

The doctor stands/kneels behind the dog and uses the right hand for a supported thumb contact on the right side of the sacral apex (S3 lamina/tubercle). Remove any tissue slack. The left hand will stabilize under the abdomen. The thrust starts as 5-10 seconds of traction and is lateral to medial and dorsal to ventral, keeping the wrist straight and the forearm in line with LOC.

Question 25

Sacral Apex Posterior

Answer 25

The doctor stands/kneels on either side of the dog and uses the inferior hand for a supported thumb/v-trough contact over the S3 tubercle/lamina. Remove any tissue slack. The superior hand will stabilize below the abdomen. The thrust starts as 5-10 seconds of traction and is dorsal to ventral and cranial to caudal, keeping the wrist straight and the forearm in line with LOC.

Question 26

Category 1 Right PI

Answer 26

The doctor stands/kneels behind the dog and uses thumb contacts on the cranial portion of the right tuber sacrale and the caudal portion of the left tuber sacrale. The correction is to pump the tuber sacrale on the right medial to lateral, dorsal to ventral, caudal to cranial and pump the tuber sacrale on the left medial to lateral, dorsal to ventral, cranial to caudal.

Question 27

Category 1 Left PI

Answer 27

The doctor stands/kneels behind the dog and uses thumb contacts on the cranial portion of the right tuber sacrale and the caudal portion of the left tuber sacrale. The correction is to pump the tuber sacrale on the left medial to lateral, dorsal to ventral, caudal to cranial and pump the tuber sacrale on the right medial to lateral, dorsal to ventral, cranial to caudal.

Question 28

Category 2 Right PI

Answer 28

The doctor stands/kneels on the opposite side (left) of the PI ilium and contacts the right PI tuber sacrale with a supported thumb/thenar/hypothenar of the inferior hand. Remove any tissue slack. The superior hand stabilizes the abdomen. The thrust is in a medial to lateral, dorsal to ventral, caudal-to-cranial direction through the tuber coxae on the same side as the PI, with the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 29

Category 2 Left PI

Answer 29

The doctor stands/kneels on the opposite side (right) of the PI ilium and contacts the left PI tuber sacrale with a supported thumb/thenar/hypothenar of the inferior hand. Remove any tissue slack. The superior hand stabilizes the abdomen. The thrust is in a medial to lateral, dorsal to ventral, caudal-to-cranial direction through the tuber coxae on the same side as the PI, with the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 30

Category 2 Right AS

Answer 30

The doctor stands/kneels on the opposite side (left) of the AS ilium and contacts the inferior portion of the right AS tuber sacrale with a supported thumb/thenar/hypothenar with the superior hand. Remove any tissue slack. The inferior hand stabilizes the abdomen. The thrust is in a medial to lateral, dorsal to ventral, cranial to caudal direction, with the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 31

Category 2 Left AS

Answer 31

The doctor stands/kneels on the opposite side (right) of the AS ilium and contacts the inferior portion of the left AS tuber sacrale with a supported thumb/thenar/hypothenar with the superior hand. Remove any tissue slack. The inferior hand stabilizes the abdomen. The thrust is in a medial to lateral, dorsal to ventral, cranial to caudal direction, with the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 32

Category 2 Left IN

Answer 32

The doctor stands/kneels behind the dog and contacts the medial edge of the left IN tuber sacrale with a supported thumb/thenar/hypothenar of the right hand. Remove any tissue slack. The left hand stabilizes the abdomen. The thrust is in a medial to lateral direction, with the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 33

Category 2 Right IN

Answer 33

The doctor stands/kneels behind the dog and contacts the medial edge of the right IN tuber sacrale with a supported thumb/thenar/hypothenar of the left hand. Remove any tissue slack. The right hand stabilizes the abdomen. The thrust is in a medial to lateral direction, with the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 34

Category 2 Right EX

Answer 34

The doctor stands/kneels behind the dog and contacts the lateral edge of the right EX tuber sacrale with a supported thumb/thenar/hypothenar of the right hand. Remove any tissue slack. The left hand stabilizes the abdomen. The thrust is in a lateral to medial direction, with the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 35

Category 2 Left EX

Answer 35

The doctor stands/kneels behind the dog and contacts the lateral edge of the left EX tuber sacrale with a supported thumb/thenar/hypothenar of the left hand. Remove any tissue slack. The right hand stabilizes the abdomen. The thrust is in a lateral to medial direction, with the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 36

Category 3 Right PI

Answer 36

The doctor stands/kneels behind or on either side of the dog, uses the superior hand to make a broad contact on the right side of L7 spinous, and uses a broad contact with the inferior hand across both tuber sacrale. The correction is to stabilize L7 and rock the pelvis with the inferior hand from left to right.

Question 37

Category 3 Left PI

Answer 37

The doctor stands/kneels behind or on either side of the dog, uses the superior hand to make a broad contact on the left side of L7 spinous, and uses a broad contact with the inferior hand across both tuber sacrale. The correction is to stabilize L7 and rock the pelvis with the inferior hand from right to left.

Question 38

Pubic symphysis Iischial Tuberosities Challenged Clockwise

Answer 38

The doctor stands/kneels behind the dog, contacting the inferior left ischial tuberosity and the superior right ischial tuberosity. The correction is a pumping of the left ischial tuberosity dorsally and the right ischial tuberosity ventrally.

Question 39

Pubic Symphysis Ischial Tuberosities Challenged Counterclockwise

Answer 39

The doctor stands/kneels behind the dog, contacting the inferior right ischial tuberosity and the superior left ischial tuberosity. The correction is a pumping of the right ischial tuberosity dorsally and the left ischial tuberosity ventrally.

Question 40

Pubic Symphysis Ischial Tuberosities Challenged Lateral to Medial

Answer 40

The doctor stands/kneels behind the dog, contacting the medial aspects of both ischial tuberosities. The correction is a pumping of the ischial tuberosities laterally.

Question 41

Pubic Symphysis Ischial Tuberosities Challenged Medial to Lateral

Answer 41

The doctor stands/kneels behind the dog, contacting the medial aspects of both ischial tuberosities. The correction is a pumping of the ischial tuberosities medially.

Question 42

Occiput Inferior Right

Answer 42

The doctor stands/kneels behind or on the opposite side (left) of the inferior occiput and uses the right hand to make a thumb/hyopthenar contact on the right occipital base. The left hand will support the dog's head under the jaw, guiding the head into flexion and lateral flexion away from the inferior occiput. The thrust is a quick, shallow push on the occipital base from caudal to cranial with slight lateral to medial.

Question 43

Occiput Inferior Left

Answer 43

The doctor stands/kneels behind or on the opposite side (right) of the inferior occiput and uses the left hand to make a thumb/hyopthenar contact on the left occipital base. The right hand will support the dog's head under the jaw, guiding the head into flexion and lateral flexion away from the inferior occiput. The thrust is a quick, shallow push on the occipital base from caudal to cranial with slight lateral to medial.

Question 44

Atlas Superior Right

Answer 44

The doctor stands/kneels on the opposite side (left) of the superior atlas and uses the fingers of the right hand to hook onto the cranial edge of the right ala/wing of the atlas. The right forearm will slightly cross over the top of the spine. The left hand will support the dog's head under the jaw. The thrust is quick and shallow in a cranial to caudal and slight lateral to medial direction.

Question 45

Atlas Superior Left

Answer 45

The doctor stands/kneels on the opposite side (right) of the superior atlas and uses the fingers of the left hand to hook onto the cranial edge of the left ala/wing of the atlas. The left forearm will slightly cross over the top of the spine. The right hand will support the dog's head under the jaw. The thrust is quick and shallow in a cranial to caudal and slight lateral to medial direction.

Question 46

Atlas Posterior Right

Answer 46

The doctor stands/kneels on the opposite side (left) of the posterior atlas and uses the right hand to make a supported thumb/thenar contact on the dorsal edge of the right ala/wing of the atlas. The left hand will support the dog's head under the jaw, allowing for rotation with the atlas as it rotates on C2. The thrust is quick and shallow in a dorsal to ventral direction (in the plane of the atlas), with the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 47

Atlas Posterior Left

Answer 47

The doctor stands/kneels on the opposite side (right) of the posterior atlas and uses the left hand to make a supported thumb/thenar contact on the dorsal edge of the left ala/wing of the atlas. The right hand will support the dog's head under the jaw, allowing for rotation with the atlas as it rotates on C2. The thrust is quick and shallow in a dorsal to ventral direction (in the plane of the atlas), with the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 48

Atlas Anterior Right

Answer 48

The doctor stands/kneels on the opposite side (left) of the anterior atlas and uses the right hand to make a hooked finger contact on the ventral edge of the right ala/wing of the atlas. The left hand will support the dog's head under the jaw, allowing for rotation with the atlas as it rotates on C2. The thrust is quick and shallow in a ventral to dorsal direction (in the plane of the atlas), with the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 49

Atlas Anterior Left

Answer 49

The doctor stands/kneels on the opposite side (right) of the anterior atlas and uses the left hand to make a hooked finger contact on the ventral edge of the left ala/wing of the atlas. The right hand will support the dog's head under the jaw, allowing for rotation with the atlas as it rotates on C2. The thrust is quick and shallow in a ventral to dorsal direction (in the plane of the atlas), with the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 50

C2-C7 Body Right

Answer 50

The doctor stands/kneels on the opposite side as the listing (left) and the doctor will use the right hand to make a supported thumb/index MCP contact on the right lamina-pedicle junction with the arm at a 45/45/45* angle relative to the neck. Remove any tissue slack. The left hand will support the dog's head under the jaw, guiding the head into lateral flexion away from the contact (to the left). The thrust is made as the dog's neck relaxes in a dorsal to ventral, lateral to medial, and caudal to cranial direction with the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 51

C2-C7 Body Left

Answer 51

The doctor stands/kneels on the opposite side as the listing (right) and the doctor will use the left hand to make a supported thumb/index MCP contact on the left lamina-pedicle junction with the arm at a 45/45/45* angle relative to the neck. Remove any tissue slack. The right hand will support the dog's head under the jaw, guiding the head into lateral flexion away from the contact (to the right). The thrust is made as the dog's neck relaxes in a dorsal to ventral, lateral to medial, and caudal to cranial direction with the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 52

C2-C7 Spinous Left

Answer 52

The doctor stands/kneels behind/opposite/same side as the listing and the doctor will use the left hand to make a supported thumb contact on the left lamina-pedicle junction. Remove any tissue slack. The right hand will support the dog's neck & head, guiding the head into lateral flexion toward the contact (to the left). The thrust is made as the dog's neck relaxes in a lateral to medial, and slight caudal to cranial direction with the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 53

C2-C7 Spinous Right

Answer 53

The doctor stands/kneels behind/opposite/same side as the listing and the doctor will use the right hand to make a supported thumb contact on the right lamina-pedicle junction. Remove any tissue slack. The left hand will support the dog's neck & head, guiding the head into lateral flexion toward the contact (to the right). The thrust is made as the dog's neck relaxes in a lateral to medial, and slight caudal to cranial direction with the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 54

C2-C7 Anterior Right

Answer 54

The doctor stands/kneels on the opposite side (left) of the anterior cervical and uses the right hand to make a hooked finger contact on the ventral edge of the right transverse process. The right forearm will slightly cross over the top of the spine. Remove any tissue slack. The left hand will support the dog's neck & head, guiding the head into lateral flexion toward the contact (to the right). The thrust is a quick and shallow pull in a ventral to dorsal and lateral to medial direction, with the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.

Question 55

C2-C7 Anterior Left

Answer 55

The doctor stands/kneels on the opposite side (right) of the anterior cervical and uses the left hand to make a hooked finger contact on the ventral edge of the left transverse process. The left forearm will slightly cross over the top of the spine. Remove any tissue slack. The right hand will support the dog's neck & head, guiding the head into lateral flexion toward the contact (to the left). The thrust is a quick and shallow pull in a ventral to dorsal and lateral to medial direction, with the wrist straight and the forearm in line with the LOC.