HSP: Chapter 2 Flashcards
(25 cards)
The post-Renaissance model of the universe as a giant machine directly influenced
Newton’s idea about how the planets work, Harvey’s idea about how the heart works, and Descartes idea about how animals work
Descartes is accurately described as all of the following except
Interested in the mind but not in the body
On the dimension of atomism-holism, which of the British philosophers was most on the holism side?
John Stuart Mill (son)
Which of the following is true about a heliocentric view of the universe?
It eventually replaced the geocentric view
Berkeley extended Locke’s philosophy into a system that has been called subjective idealism or immaterialism. According to Berkeley’s system
We cannot be sure that matter exists when we aren’t perceiving it, except through our faith in the Permanent Perceiver
Chapter 2 opens with the Ebbinghaus quote about psychology having a short past but a long history. What did Ebbinghaus mean?
He meant that the issues of interest to psychologists could be traced to ancient times
How did John Stuart Mill’s (JSM) philosophy differ from that of James Mill (JM), his father?
JSM replaced his father’s mechanical metaphor with a chemical metaphor
On the mind-body question, Descartes believed that
Mind and body were two distinct essences that interacted directly with each other
According to Berkely, our ability to perceive depth is partly the result of the manner in which the lens of the eye alters its shape to bring objects at different distances into focus. This lens-altering process is called
Accommodation
The concept of atomism is reflected in which of the following statements?
Complex ideas can be reduced to simple ideas
In An Essay Towards a New Theory Of Vision, Bishop George Berkely argued that
Depth perception is purely and simply the result of our experiences with objects that are at different distances from us
The James Mill quote about brick, mortar, walls, and houses illustrates which of the following concepts?
Atomism
The idea that all things could be described in physical terms and could be understood in light of the physical properties of matter and energy is called
Materialism
John Stuart Mill was a child prodigy. With which of the following statements about his early ability would he be least likely to agree?
Some have it some don’t
Ed sees a picture of the Grand Canyon and immediately recalls his visit there. This is an example of which of Hume’s principles of association?
Temporal contiguity
Sir Francis Bacon, who became a hero to B.F. Skinner, is known for advocating
An inductive approach to knowledge, in which general principles are derived from numerous observations
What did Leibniz mean by the concept of a petite perception?
It was a perception below the level of awareness
John Locke was the first major British Empiricist. He is associated with all of the following except
The only reality we can be sure of is our perception
The logic of the modern correlation method is essentially the same as Mill’s method of
Method of concomitant variation
Berkeley’s philosophy has come to be called “subjective idealism” or immaterialism. He believed that
Our belief in the existence of the external world depends on our perception of it
Suppose that you hypothesize that having a flower garden reduces stress. Combining Mill’s methods of agreement and difference, you would hope to find that
Everyone with a garden has low stress levels
James Mill’s model of the mind (exemplified by the quote about complex and duplex ideas in houses) could be described as _____; his son’s model was more of ______.
Mental mechanics; a mental chemistry
John Lock would be least accurately described by which of the following terms?
Rationalist
For Leibniz, the highest level of awareness was known as
Apperception
