HSP: Chapter 3 Flashcards
(24 cards)
Why did phrenology fail as a legitimate science?
By explaining all possible outcomes, the theory failed the test of disproof
Young and Helmholtz both showed that by mixing together ___ light, they could match any color.
Red, green, and blue light
By demonstrating reflexes in headless frogs, _____ was able to show that the spinal cord is all that is needed for reflexes to occur.
Robert Whytt
What did Robert Whytt contribute to the study of physiological psychology?
He discovered that there is a distinction between sensory and motor nerves (you don’t need a brain for reflexes)
Although Bell sometimes gets equal credit (without actually deserving it), Magendie discovered that
Both the posterior spinal cord root is a sensory pathway and the anterior spinal cord root is a motor pathway
Magendie found that if the posterior spinal cord root corresponding to a specific area of the body has been cut, then
The animal will no longer be able to feel pain in that area of the body
Which of the following is true about Henry Lavery’s psychograph?
Its validity and legitimacy was attacked by local academics (University of Minnesota)
Phrenologists believed all of the following except
Everyone has a different set of faculties
What is the problem with using anecdotal evidence to support a theory?
It tends to overlook non-supporting instances
Helmholtz’s demonstration of the speed of a nervous impulse
Led eventually to the development of reaction time as an important research method
What did Fritsch, Hitzig, and Ferrier all have in common?
They all pioneered the use of electrical stimulation of the brain
Which part of the phrenological doctrine provided the basis for the measurement of faculties?
Brain size and shape corresponds exactly to skull size and shape
By means of the clinical method,
Broca verified the brain area responsible for the production of speech
Which of the following is true about people, like Broca’s patient “Tan”, who suffer from what is today called motor aphasia?
They have normal comprehension but cannot verbalize their thoughts
All of the following are true about Helmholtz except
He was in awe of the perfect structure design of the eye
On his European tour, Walter Miles visited Sherrington in his lab at Oxford. Which of the following is true about the Miles diary entry text that described the visit?
Sherrington was experiencing some difficulty maintaining lab space because classroom space
By using ____, Flourens demonstrated that the cerebral cortex was the center of voluntary action.
The method of ablation
According to Helmholtz, how do we know that someone approaching us is getting closer, not taller?
We make an unconscious inference, based on our experience
What was the event that led to the widespread use of reaction time as a method in psychology?
Helmholtz’s measurement of the speed of the neural impulse
According to Helmholtz, what was the “problem of perception”?
With regard to vision, it referred to fact that vison was quite good despite the eye’s serious design flaws
According to Muller’s doctrine of the specific energies of nerves?
We are directly aware of our nervous system, not of the external world
The two scientists who shared the 1906 Nobel Prize for their work on neuron theory were
Ramon y Cajal and Golgi
I shared the 1906 Nobel Prize for medicine for my work on neuron theory and believed that neurons did not physically connect to other neurons, but were merely in contact with each other. Who am I?
Santiago Ramon y Cajal
The Phineas Gage case showed that severe frontal lobe damage causes a loss of which function?
Emotional control
