Htm 1070 Midterm

Question 1

Responsible Tourism is about:

Answer 1

Making the consumption and production of tourism more sustainable

Question 2

What is the overall goal of Responsible Tourism?

Answer 2

Sustainability

Question 3

Ecological Footprint

Answer 3

Is a measurement of land area required to sustain a population

Question 4

How much land/resources does the average person of a particular area need to support their consumption habits?

Answer 4

Global footprint = 2.2 hectares

Question 5

Tourism is like what?

Answer 5

Fire; you can cook your food on it, or it can burn your house down

Question 6

Sustainability is the _____; Responsibility is the _____

Answer 6

objective; means

Question 7

Tourism Demand

Answer 7

The fundamental condition for the development of tourism in the first place is that travellers must have both the ability and willingness to travel

Question 8

Conspicuous Consumption (Velben 1899)

Answer 8

Consuming prestigious goods to enhance one’s prestige

Question 9

Tourism Supply

Answer 9

The businesses and organizations that produce the products that tourists consume

Question 10

The tourism industry is a fragmented industry because:

Answer 10

The services and products provided operate across several sectors

Question 11

5 benefits of tourism:

Answer 11

1. Economic Development
2. Social Inclusion
3. Placemaking
4. Regeneration
5. Culture and Heritage

Question 12

Economic Development

Answer 12

Provides opportunities/employment for local businesses

Question 13

Social Inclusion

Answer 13

People have a right to tourism

Question 14

Placemaking

Answer 14

A process of creating public spaces through design elements

Question 15

Regeneration

Answer 15

Declining areas are converted into tourism attractions

Question 16

Culture and Hertiage

Answer 16

Attract tourists and justify investment in public assets

Question 17

7 key elements of sustainable development

Answer 17

1. Maintain ecological integrity and diversity
2. Meet basic human needs
3. Keep options open for future generations
4. Reduce injustice
5. Support the empowerment of decision making processes
6. Maintain the quality of life
7. Sustain cultures

Question 18

The challenges of maintaining economic growth and extending the benefits of _____ of a rapidly growing global population push against the boundaries of the planet’s ____ resources

Answer 18

Development; finite

Question 19

Free-Riders

Answer 19

Tourists are considered free-riders because they use public space without paying a cost; the benefit at the cost of those who do pay

Question 20

What does free-riding lead to?

Answer 20

The destruction of public space and environment

Question 21

Responsibility is:

Answer 21

Used as a framework for thinking about tourism policy, planning, development choices, as well as the associated impacts

Question 22

Responsible tourism is not an ___ pursuit, it is a ___ one.

Answer 22

Economic; social

Question 23

Corporate social responsibility is interested in:

Answer 23

1. Acting as a good corporate citizen
2. Attending to the evolving social concerns of stakeholders
3. Mitigating adverse effects from business activities

Question 24

Tourism is all about:

Answer 24

The consumption and production of in-place experiences

Question 25

Authentic Experiences

Answer 25

Trends towards more ethical awareness and greater willingness to take responsibility for the impacts of tourists and the industry coincides with the pursuit of authentic experiences

Question 26

Responsible tourism is an ____ that can be applied to any form of tourism

Answer 26

Approach

Question 27

Earth Summit, Rio de Janeiro, 1992

Answer 27

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is established. Meeting of world leaders to rethink economic growth with environmental protection in mind

Question 28

Sustainable development is considered a way of:

Answer 28

Avoiding environmental degradation and reducing poverty through economic growth

Question 29

Tragedy of Commons

Answer 29

Individuals acting independently, and without limit, according to their own self-interest

Question 30

Tools of Responsibility

Answer 30

Municipal/national approach industry approach international approach

Question 31

10 key elements of sustainable tourism:

Answer 31

1. Sustainable use of resources 2. Reducing over-consumption and waste 3. Maintaining diversity 4. Supporting local communities 5. Integrating tourism into planning 6. Involving local communities 7. Consulting stakeholders and the public 8. Training staff 9. Market tourism responsibility 10. Undertaking research

Question 32

Cape Town Declaration

Answer 32

Defines responsible tourism as an approach to "create better places for people to live in and for people to visit"

Question 33

Code for the Responsible Tourist and Traveler (2015), encourages the tourist and traveler to:

Answer 33

- Have an open mind - Respect human rights - Preserve natural environments - Respect cultural resources - Purchase local handicrafts and products to support the local economy - Learn about the destination and its law

Question 34

Responsible tourism 6 criticisms:

Answer 34

1. Is only a market segment 2. Is a deceptive ploy 3. Frowns on fun 4. Is reduced to ecotourism, pro-poor tourism or community tourism 5. Sidesteps the critical issues of volume 6. Assumes tourists and hosts cannot get along in the first place

Question 35

'The Holiday Makers' (1987)

Answer 35

- Wants the best - Interested in fun - Expect to be pampered - Participates in conspicuous consumption - Entitled to do what they please because they paid for it - Not aware of their impacts - Demanding

Question 36

For Krippendorf (Holiday Makers author), responsible tourism is:

Answer 36

- The birth of new travel culture interested in social needs - Not anti-tourism - Beneficial to both host and guest - The individual responsibility of the holiday maker - Critical of consumption - An opportunity to favor closer relationships between hosts and guests

Question 37

At the heart of responsible tourism is the imperative to: a, Generate a profit b, Criticize all forms of travel c, Make tourism better d, Limit interactions between tourists and hosts e, None of the above

Answer 37

Make tourism better

Question 38

Which concept refers to how much land/resources the average person of a particular area needs to support their consumption habits? a, Sustainability b, Ecological footprint c, Conspicuous consumption d, Self-actualization e, None of the above

Answer 38

Ecological Footprint

Question 39

Which best explains an ‘ecological footprint’? a, A way of avoiding environmental degradation and reducing poverty through economic growth b, A “green tax” on flying where the passenger must pay a fee to fly long distances c, A resource base of a destination that would be otherwise be used by locals d, The amount of land and resources that we need to sustain our population’s consumption habits e, None of the above

Answer 39

The amount of land and resources that we need to sustain our population's consumption habits

Question 40

Conspicuous consumption refers to: a, The consumer defining the product b, The ‘bragging rights’ that come with the purchase of a holiday c, Individuals acting independently, and without limit, according to their own self-interest d, An authentic experience that enables the traveler to learn something about themselves e, None of the above

Answer 40

None of the above

Question 41

Environmental sustainability is likely to be a higher priority for a hotel if: (textbook) a, A developer operates a hotel and stands to recoup the environmental cost reductions b, The developer hires a local management company that knows local rules c, There is no link between the construction of the hotels and the operation of the hotel d, Hotel management is kept separate from hotel ownership e, None of the above

Answer 41

A developer operates a hotel and stands to recoup the environmental cost reductions

Question 42

Tourism supply describes: a, The use of public resources without paying a cost b, The process of creating public space through design elements - placemaking c, The businesses and organizations that produce the product that tourists consume d, A destination’s investment in public resources e, None of the above

Answer 42

The businesses and organizations that produce the product that tourists consume

Question 43

Tourism is demand-led, which means: a, Tourism has more demand than supply b, Services facilitate the experience c, The product produced is defined by the consumer d, Consuming prestigious goods to enhance one’s prestige e, None of the above

Answer 43

The product produced is defined by the consumer

Question 44

Tourism has earned Mt. Everest the nickname: a, ‘The world’s highest junkyard” b, ‘The summit of sustainability’ c, ‘Silent spring’ d, ‘Trash heap hill’ e, None of the above

Answer 44

The world's highest junkyard

Question 45

Overtourism means: a, There are more tourists present at the destination that the destination can support b, Individuals acting independently, and without limit, according to their own self-interest c, Tourism takes full account of its current and future economic, social, and environmental impacts d, Providing opportunities for local businesses e, None of the above

Answer 45

There are more tourists present at the destination that the destination can support

Question 46

Which of the following are NOT considered a responsible tourist practice? a, Giving money to begging children b, Staying out a sacred buildings c, Learning a few words of the local language d, Participating in a hotel’s towel program e, None of the above

Answer 46

Giving money to begging children

Question 47

Which is NOT a benefit of tourism: a, Regeneration b, Placemaking c, Investment in public assets d, Economic development e, None of the above

Answer 47

None of the above

Question 48

Which book played an influential role in bringing popular awareness to environmental issues? a, Brundtland Commission b, The Holiday Maker c, Silent Spring d, Limit to Growth e, None of the above

Answer 48

Silent Spring

Question 49

Changes in consumer preferences

Answer 49

Responsible practices are expected by tourists

Question 50

Authenticity in the context of tourism:

Answer 50

- Is a contested idea - Often represents an artificial and staged experience - Is measured against a consumer's expectations

Question 51

Changes in consumer trends are:

Answer 51

Evident in changing attitudes towards authenticity

Question 52

The "Experience Economy" describes:

Answer 52

- A shift in consumer preferences for memorable events - An opportunity to generate empathy in the traveler - A way to generate understanding in the traveler - A way to educate the consumer about responsibility - The value of creating an experience in tourism and hospitality

Question 53

What was the first trade association to commit to responsible tourism?

Answer 53

Association of Independent Tour Operators

Question 54

Product Value

Answer 54

Responsible tourism lends to adding value to a product through delivering a high quality experience. Consumers recognize that responsible tourism creates a better experience