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Year 8 > Human body ETT > Flashcards

Human body ETT Flashcards

(85 cards)

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1
Q

Name the two nutrients that provide energy

A

Carbohydrates and lipids (fats)

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2
Q

Name the nutrient that’s needed for growth and repair

A

Protein

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3
Q

Name the two nutrients that are needed in small amounts to maintain health

A

Vitamins and minerals

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4
Q

What is fibre needed for?

A

To help food move through the gut

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5
Q

Suggest some foods that are a good source of carbohydrates

A

Examples include:
potatoes, rice, bread, pasta

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6
Q

Suggest some foods that are a good source of protein

A

Examples include:
Meat, fish and eggs

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7
Q

Suggest some foods that are a good source of vitamins and minerals

A

Examples include:
Fruit and Vegetables

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8
Q

Suggest some foods that are a good source of lipids (fat)

A

Examples include:
Milk, Cheese, Cream, Nuts

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9
Q

Describe the food test for starch

A

Test: Add iodine
Positive result: Turns black

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10
Q

Describe the food test for protein

A

Test: Add biuret solution
Positive Result: Turns light purple

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11
Q

Describe the food test for glucose (sugar)

A

Test: Add Benedict’s reagent and put in water bath
Positive result: Turns orange

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12
Q

Describe the food test for lipids (fats)

A

Test: Rub food on filter paper
Positive result: Paper goes translucent

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13
Q

What does obese mean?

A

Extremely overweight.

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14
Q

When you don’t have enough vitamins or minerals, what are you said to have?

A

A deficiency

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15
Q

What happens when you take in more energy in food than you use up in daily activities?

A

You gain weight

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16
Q

What are the folds in the small intestine called?

A

Villi

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17
Q

List the organs that food moves through in the digestive system (in order)

A

Mouth
Oesophagus (gullet)
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum
Anus

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18
Q

In what part of the digestive system are nutrients absorbed into the bloodstream?

A

Small intestine

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19
Q

In what part of the digestive system is the excess water absorbed?

A

Large intestine

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20
Q

How are the villi adapted to aid digestion?

A
  • They provide a large surface area
  • They have a close network of capillaries to take away the nutrients
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21
Q

Name the enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates

A

Carbohydrase

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22
Q

Name the enzyme that breaks down protein

A

Protease

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23
Q

Name the enzyme that breaks down lipids (fats)

A

Lipase

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24
Q

What does carbohydrase break down carbohydrates into?

A

Sugar

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25
What does protease break down protein into?
Amino acids
26
What does lipase break down lipids into?
Fatty acids and glycerol
27
Which type of enzyme starts to work in the mouth?
Carbohydrase
28
Which type of enzyme works in the stomach?
Protease
29
Which types of enzymes work in the small intestine?
All three: * Carbohydrase * Protease * Lipase
30
What happens to enzymes at high temperatures?
They denature
31
Name the part of the digestive system labelled A
Mouth
32
Name the part of the digestive system labelled B
Oesophagus
33
Name the part of the digestive system labelled C
Stomach
34
Name the part of the digestive system labelled D
Small intestine
35
Name the part of the digestive system labelled G
Large intestine
36
What are living things made up of many cells called?
Multicellular organisms
37
What is the definition of a tissue?
A group of similar cells working together to perform a certain function
38
Order the following terms from smallest to largest: "tissue", "organ", "organ system", "cell"
cell --\> tissue --\> organ --\> organ system
39
What is the definition of an organ?
A group of tissues that work together to perform a certain function
40
In which organ does gas exchange take place?
Lungs
41
Name the organ system in the image
Circulatory system
42
Name the organ system in the image
Nervous system
43
Name the organ system in the image
Skeletal system
44
Name the organ system in the image
Digestive system
45
Name the organ system in the image
Respiratory System
46
Name the organ system in the image
Urinary system
47
Name the organ system in the image
Reproductive systems
48
Name part C in the image
Trachea (wind pipe)
49
Name the tubes labelled part D in the image
bronchi
50
Name the tubes labelled part G in the image
bronchioles
51
Name the air sacs labelled F in the image
alveoli
52
Name part H in the image
diaphragm
53
In what three ways are the alveoli adapted for gas exchange?
1) Moist, thin walls 2) Close network of blood vessels 3) Large surface area
54
In what order does air travel through these body parts when we breathe in? "bronchioles", "bronchus", "alveoli", "trachea"
trachea --\> bronchus --\> bronchioles --\> alveoli
55
What is the scientific word for 'breathe in'?
inhale
56
What is the scientific word for 'breathe out'
exhale
57
Complete the sentence... The air we breathe out has _____ oxygen than the air we breathe in
less
58
Complete the sentence... The air we breathe out has _____ carbon dioxide than the air we breathe in
more
59
The air we breathe in contains approximately 21% of what gas?
oxygen
60
The air we breathe in contains approximately 0.04% of what gas?
carbon dioxide
61
The air we breathe in contains approximately 80% of what gas?
Nitrogen
62
In what direction does the diaphragm move when you breathe in?
it moves down
63
In what direction does the diaphragm move when you breathe out?
it moves up
64
What happens to the volume inside your chest when you breathe in?
It increases
65
What are the four main functions of the skeleton?
1) support the body 2) protect organs 3) movement 4) make blood cells
66
Where in your bones are blood cells made?
Bone marrow
67
What are the three types of joints called?
1) hinge 2) ball and socket 3) fixed
68
Name the tissue that covers the end of bones to stop them rubbing together
cartilage
69
Name the tissue that joins bone to bone
ligament
70
Why is there fluid in some joints?
To reduce friction and allow the bones to move freely
71
Name the tissue that attaches muscle to bone
tendon
72
What do you call a pair of muscles that work together to allow movement?
Antagonistic muscles
73
In order to bend the arm, if the bicep contracts, what does the tricep do?
relax
74
Name the three main organs in plants
1) stem 2) leaf 3) root
75
What is the function of the stem in a plant?
To support the leaves and flowers
76
What is the function of the leaves in a plant?
To absorb light
77
What is the function of the roots of a plant?
To absorb water and minerals
78
Give an example of a hinge joint
elbow or knee
79
Give an example of a ball and socket joint
shoulder or hip
80
What is the scientific word for the thigh bone?
femur
81
What is the scientific word for the backbone?
spine
82
What is the scientific word for the air sacs?
Alveoli
83
What is the scientific word for the windpipe?
Trachea
84
Name the process that takes place in cells that uses up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide
respiration
85
Name three different types of tissue
Examples include: - connective - muscle - bone

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