Light and Sound ETT Flashcards by Revision Monkey

Q

What happens if you increase the amplitude of a sound wave?

A

The volume increases.

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Q

What is wavelength?

A

The length of one wave, from peak to peak or trough to trough.

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Q

What is frequency measured in (the units)?

A

Hz, Hertz

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Q

What will a wave with a high frequency sound like?

A

High pitched.

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Q

What will a wave with a low frequency sound like?

A

Low pitched.

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Q

What is a reflection of a sound wave called?

A

Echo

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Q

Why are echoes always quieter than the original sound?

A

Some of the sound wave’s energy is absorbed by the surface the wave is reflecting off.

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Q

Through which state does sound travel fastest?

A

Solid.

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Q

Why does sound travel faster in water than in air?

A

The particles in water are closer together so it takes less time for each particle to transfer its energy to the next one.

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Q

Name the 2 types of wave.

A

Transverse, Longitudinal

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Q

In what direction do the particles oscillate in a transverse wave?

A

At 90 degrees to direction of the wave.

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Q

In what direction do the particles oscillate in a Longitudinal wave?

A

Parallel to the direction of the wave.

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Q

What type of wave is a sound wave?

A

Longitudinal

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Q

What causes a sound wave?

A

A vibration

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Q

Why cant a sound wave travel through a vacuum?

A

There are no particles to transfer the energy.

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Q

What do all waves transfer?

A

Energy

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Q

What is the speed of sound in air?

A

340 m/s

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Q

Why do you see the flash of a firework before you hear the BANG!?

A

Light travels much faster then sound.

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Q

Which part of the ear vibrates first when receiving a sound wave.

A

The ear drum.

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Q

What is an echo?

A

A reflected sound wave.

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Q

What equation that links speed, distance and time?

speed = _______ / ________

A

Speed (m/s) = Distance (m) / Time (s)

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Q

Describe the amplitude and frequency of a low pitched, loud sound wave.

A

Large amplitude and a low frequency.

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Q

Describe a high pitched, quiet sound wave.

A

Small amplitude and a high frequency.

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Q

What is the name of this part of the ear?

A

Auditory canal

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What is the name of this part of the ear?

Ear Drum

What is the name of this part of the ear?

Ossicles

What is the name of this part of the ear?

Semi-Circular Canals

What is the name of this part of the ear?

Cochlea

What is the name of this part of the ear?

Auditory nerve

What is the range of human hearing?

20 to 20000 Hz

What is a medical use of ultrasound?

Taking images of unborn babies

Name one animal that uses ultrasound to catch its food

Bat

What is ‘loudness’ measured in?

Decibels

Compare the sound of the two waves in the image in terms of **loudness** and **pitch**.

* They have the same loudness. * Wave B has a higher pitch.

Name the properties of the wave labelled a) and b)

a) Wavelength b) Amplitude

Name the two regions of a longitudinal wave labelled ‘C’ and ‘R’.

C = compression R = rarefaction

What does frequency mean?

The number of complete waves passing a certain point in a second (1 Hz is 1 wave per second)

Compare the sound of the two waves in the image in terms of **loudness** and **pitch**.

* They have the same pitch. * Wave B is quieter than Wave A.

What is the dashed line in a refraction diagram called?

Normal

What do you call the process whereby light bends as it enters a different medium?

Refraction

Why does light bend as it moves from air into glass?

Glass is denser than air, so the light wave slows down.

What is the name given to the imaginary line that’s perpendicular at the point an incident ray meets a surface.

Normal Line

What colour ball would you see if you were viewing a **red ball** through a **blue filter**?

Black

What colour ball would you see if you were viewing a **green ball** through a **green filter**?

Green

What colour ball would you see if you were viewing a **white ball** through a **red filter**?

Red

What colour ball would you see if you were viewing a **white ball** through a **red filter** _then_ a **green filter**?

Black

What colour ball would you see if you were viewing a **magenta ball** through a **red filter**?

Red

What colour would an object be if it reflected all wavelengths of light equally?

White

Describe how a red dress appears to be red.

The red dress absorbs all other wavelengths of light except red which it reflects.

What colour would an object be if it absorbed all wavelengths of light?

Black

What are the three primary colours of light?

Blue, Green and Red

What primary colours of light are mixed to form the following secondary colours? a) Magenta b) Cyan c) Yellow

a) Blue and red b) Green and Blue c) Green and Red

Give the name and function of part a.

Cornea Transparent layer that bends light into the eye.

Name the sense organ containing receptors sensitive to light intensity and colour.

The eye

Give the name and function of part b.

Iris Contains muscles that control the size of the pupil

Give the name and function of part c.

Lens Focusses light on the retina

Give the name and function of part d.

Ciliary muscles Help control the shape of the lens

Give the name and function of part E.

Suspensory ligaments Help control the shape of the lens

Give the name and function of part F.

Sclera Tough outer layer for protection

Give the name and function of part G.

Retina Contains light receptor cells - where the image is formed

Give the name and function of part H.

Optic nerve Carries impulses from retina to brain

What is the name for an object that "gives out light"?

Luminous

What is the "law of reflection"?

angle of incidence = angle of reflection

What is the order of colours in visible light, starting from red?

Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo Violet

Which colour of visible light has the longest wavelength?

Red

Which colour of visible light has the shortest wavelength?

Violet