Human Body Systems

Question 1

What is the skeletal system?

Answer 1

Protects and supports body organs and provides a framework the muscles use to support movement. Made up of bones and joints.

Question 2

What is a tendon?

Answer 2

Attaches muscle to bone.

Question 3

What is bone marrow?

Answer 3

A soft tissue inside the bone that produces blood cells.

Question 4

What are ligaments?

Answer 4

Connect bone to bone.

Question 5

What are voluntary muscles?

Answer 5

Muscles that you are able to control.

Question 6

What are involuntary muscles?

Answer 6

Muscles that are not under your conscious control.

Question 7

What is the muscular system?

Answer 7

An organ system that moves your body and helps it perform functions.

Question 8

What is the circulatory system?

Answer 8

This system works as the transportation highway for the body. It consists of the heart, blood, and blood vessels. It transports substances such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients in the body.

Question 9

What is an atrium?

Answer 9

Each of the two upper chambers of the heart that receives blood that comes into the heart.

Question 10

What is a ventricle?

Answer 10

The two lower chambers of the heart. They pump blood out to the lungs and body.

Question 11

What are arteries?

Answer 11

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.

Question 12

What is a vein?

Answer 12

A blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart.

Question 13

What are capillaries?

Answer 13

Microscopic blood vessels that exchange nutrients and waste.

Question 14

What are red blood cells?

Answer 14

Blood cells that carry oxygen from the lungs to the body cells.

Question 15

What is the respiratory system?

Answer 15

System responsible for taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide using the lungs.

Question 16

What is the diaphragm?

Answer 16

A dome-shaped muscle below the lungs that is involved in the breathing process.

Question 17

What is the trachea?

Answer 17

The windpipe.

Question 18

What are alveoli?

Answer 18

Tiny sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between air and blood.

Question 19

What is the digestive system?

Answer 19

Breaks down food into smaller molecules to be absorbed and used for fuel.

Question 20

What is the stomach?

Answer 20

The organ in the digestive system that mechanically and chemically grinds up food into smaller pieces.

Question 21

What is the small intestine?

Answer 21

A long tube of muscle where most food is digested and nutrients are absorbed.

Question 22

What is the large intestine?

Answer 22

The last section of the digestive system, where water is absorbed from food and the remaining material is eliminated from the body.

Question 23

What is the nervous system?

Answer 23

An extensive network of specialized cells that carries electrical information to and from all parts of the body.

Question 24

What is the brain?

Answer 24

Largest organ in the nervous system.

Question 25

What is the medulla?

Answer 25

Base of brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing.

Question 26

What is the cerebrum?

Answer 26

Section of the brain which carries out complex mental processes such as learning and remembering.

Question 27

What is the cerebellum?

Answer 27

The part of the brain that controls fine motor skills.

Question 28

What is the endocrine system?

Answer 28

System of glands which secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrient use (metabolism) by body cells.

Question 29

What are hormones?

Answer 29

Chemical messengers that are manufactured by the endocrine glands; travel through the bloodstream, and affect other tissues.

Question 30

What is the pituitary gland?

Answer 30

Small gland found near the base of the skull that secretes hormones that directly regulate many body functions and controls the actions of several other endocrine glands; referred to as the 'master gland'.

Question 31

What is the excretory (urinary) system?

Answer 31

Consisting of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, removes wastes from the blood.

Question 32

What is the bladder?

Answer 32

An elastic, muscular organ that holds urine until it leaves the body.

Question 33

What is a kidney?

Answer 33

Filters waste from the blood like urea, water, salt and proteins.

Question 34

What is the integumentary system?

Answer 34

Body system consisting of the skin, hair, and nails.

Question 35

What is the immune system?

Answer 35

The cells and tissues that recognize and attack foreign substances in the body.

Question 36

What are antibodies?

Answer 36

Specialized proteins that aid in destroying infectious agents.

Question 37

What are white blood cells?

Answer 37

Blood cells that perform the function of destroying disease-causing microorganisms.

Question 38

What does the liver do?

Answer 38

Produces bile.

Question 39

What is the gallbladder?

Answer 39

A muscular sac attached to the liver that secretes bile and stores it until needed for digestion.

Question 40

What is the aorta?

Answer 40

The large arterial trunk that carries blood from the heart to be distributed by branch arteries through the body.

Question 41

What are bronchioles?

Answer 41

Airways in the lungs that lead from the bronchi to the alveoli.

Question 42

What is the pancreas?

Answer 42

An organ in the abdominal cavity with two roles: to produce digestive enzymes which are delivered to the small intestine and to secrete insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream to help regulate blood glucose levels.

Question 43

What are sensory neurons?

Answer 43

Neurons that receive information from the external world and convey this information to the brain via the spinal cord.

Question 44

What are motor neurons?

Answer 44

Neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands.

Question 45

What is cellular respiration?

Answer 45

The process by which mitochondria break down sugar (glucose) into carbon dioxide and water releasing energy.

Question 46

What is homeostasis?

Answer 46

Process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment.