Organization of Life/Cells Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is a cell?
Basic unit of life
What does unicellular mean?
Made of a single cell
What does multicellular mean?
Made up of more than one cell.
What is tissue?
A group of similar cells that perform the same function.
What is an organ?
A collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body
What is an organ system?
Group of organs that work together to perform a specific function
What is an organelle?
A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell
What is the cell membrane?
A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell.
What is DNA?
A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.
What is cytoplasm?
A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
What is the nucleus?
Control center of the cell
What is the cell wall?
A rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms.
What is a chloroplast?
Organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
What is the endoplasmic reticulum?
A cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another.
What are specialized cells?
Cells that perform specific functions that benefit the entire multicellular organism
What is cellular respiration?
Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
What is photosynthesis?
Plants use the sun’s energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars
What are chromosomes?
Threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes
What is the nucleolus?
Found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes
What is the Golgi complex/apparatus?
A cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell
What is a vacuole?
Cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
What are ribosomes?
Site of protein synthesis
What is the nuclear membrane?
Controls what goes in and out of the nucleus
