Human defence systems

Question 1

General defence system - 1st line

Answer 1

Skin
Clotting factors
Sebaceous glands
Mucus
Lyzozyme

Question 2

Skin

Answer 2

prevents entry
General defence - First line

Question 3

Clotting factors

Answer 3

prevents wound entry
General defence - First line

Question 4

Sebaceous glands

Answer 4

Produce sebum oil killing bactera
General defence - First line

Question 5

Lyzozyme

Answer 5

Enzyme dissolves bacterial cell walls
Found in tears saliva and sweat
General defence - First line

Question 6

General defence - Second line of defence

Answer 6

Phagocytic white blood cells
Complement and interferons
Inflammation
Acid

Question 7

Phagocytic white blood cells

Answer 7

Macrophages engulf pathogens
General defence - Second line

Question 8

Complement and interferons

Answer 8

2 sets of proteins in blood that respond to general infection
General defence - Second line

Question 9

Inflammation

Answer 9

Brings more phagocytic white blood cells to infected area and raises temp
General defence - Second line

Question 10

Acid

Answer 10

Hydrochloric acid in stomach pH too high for pathogens
General defence - Second line

Question 11

Specialised defence

Answer 11

Monocytes
Lymphocytes

Question 12

Monocytes

Answer 12

Specialised defende
White blood cells that attack specific antibodies

Question 13

Lymphocytes

Answer 13

White blood cells that attack cancerous /pathogenic antigens +/ produce antibodies

Question 14

Lymphocytes - B cells

Answer 14

Mature in bone marrow, move to lymph nodes and recognise antigens

Question 15

Lymphocytes - B Cells types

Answer 15

Plasma B cells - make antibodies
Memory B cells - live on post infection to recognise antigens

Question 16

Plasma B cells

Answer 16

Make antibodies

Question 17

Memory B cells

Answer 17

Live on post infection to recognise antigen + produce max antibodies within 5 days

Question 18

Lymphocytes - T cells + types

Answer 18

Mature in thymus
Helper T cells
Killer T cells
Suppresor T cells
Memory T cells

Question 19

Helper T cells

Answer 19

Stimulate B cells and killer t cells

Question 20

Killer t cells

Answer 20

Destroy abnormal body cells

Question 21

Suppressor t cells

Answer 21

Suppress immune system post infection

Question 22

Memory T cells

Answer 22

Stimulate memory B cells and killer t cells if reinfection occurs

Question 23

Active immunity

Answer 23

Long term resistance after infection

Question 24

Active natural immunity

Answer 24

Body produces it’s own antibodies against infection

Question 25

Artificial active immunity

Answer 25

Body produces it's own antibodies after vaccination

Question 26

Passive immunity

Answer 26

Short term immunity without infection

Question 27

Natural passive immunity

Answer 27

Baby gets antibodies from mother

Question 28

Artificial passive immunity

Answer 28

Antibodies from someone else injected eg antitenanus injection

Question 29

Vaccination

Answer 29

The administration of a non disease causing dose of a pathogen (vaccine) to stimulate antibodies

Question 30

Immunisation

Answer 30

When we are going injected with or produce antibiodies against a pathogen