Human Development And Behavior Flashcards
Ego
Mediator between if and reality.
If too strong than you are rational, cold, boring, distant.
Id
Drives and needs, impulses, unconscious.
If too strong become psychopath.
Superego
Seat of conscience.
If too strong feel guilty all of the time.
Freud 0-1 years
oral
Freud 2-3 years
anal
Freud 3-6 years
phallic/oedipal
Freud 6-11 years
latency
Freud 12-18 adolescence
puberty-genital
Piaget 0-2 years
Sensorimotor thought
object permanence - peakaboo the thing is really gone
play is imitative
signals meaning (babysitter arrives, mom is leaving)
Piaget 2.5 to 6-7
preoperational thought
egocentric- do not understand others perspectives
language forms
past present future
magical thinking
piaget 7-11
concrete operations
logical thinking but difficulty with abstract/hypothetical thinking
plays games with rules
cause-effect relationship
thinking is independent of experience
piaget 11-18
formal operations
logical thinking, deductive thinking, abstract, problem solving, what if-than
uncoucious
thoughts feelings desires and memories of which we are unaware
preconscious
thoughts, feelings, desires, which can be brought into consciousness easily
concious
mental activities of which we are fully aware
Erikson 0-18 mos
Infancy=Trust vs. mistrust
Children develop a sense of trust when caregivers provide reliabilty, care, and affection. A lack of this will lead to mistrust.
Erikson 2-3 years
Early Childood= Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
Children need to develop a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of independence. Success leads to feelings of autonomy, failure results in feelings of shame and doubt.
Erikson 3-5 years
Play Age= Initiative vs. Guilt
Children need to begin asserting control and power over the environment. Success in this stage leads to a sense of purpose. Children who try to exert too much power experience disapproval, resulting in a sense of guilt.
Erikson 6-11 years
School Age= Industry vs. Inferiority
Children need to cope with new social and academic demands. Success leads to a sense of competence, while failure results in feelings of inferiority.
Erikson 12-18 years
Adolescence= Identity vs. Identity Diffusion
Teens need to develop a sense of self and personal identity. Success leads to an ability to stay true to yourself, while failure leads to role confusion and a weak sense of self.
Erikson 19-40 years
Young Adulthood= Intimacy vs. isolation
Young adults need to form intimate, loving relationships with other people. Success leads to strong relationships, while failure results in loneliness and isolation.
Erikson 40-65
Adulthood: Generativity vs. Self-Absorption
Adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them, often by having children or creating a positive change that benefits other people. Success leads to feelings of usefulness and accomplishment, while failure results in shallow involvement in the world.
Erikson 65-death
Senescence: Intergity vs. Disgust
Older adults need to look back on life and feel a sense of fulfillment. Success at this stage leads to feelings of wisdom, while failure results in regret, bitterness, and despair.
Describe Margaret Mahler’s Object Relations theory
People are born with the drive to develop self. Sense of self affects relationships. Ego organizes at age 3-1/2.
