Human Genetics

Question 1

DNA: consists of (3)

Answer 1

> Deoxyribose
Phosphate group
Nitrogenous base

Question 2

DNA Nitrogenous Base consists of: (4)

Answer 2

DNA Nitrogenous Base:
>Adenine
>Thymine
>Cytosine
>Guanine

Question 3

Amino acids are formed from:

Answer 3

> Proteins

Question 4

Ribosomes synthesize :

Answer 4

> Proteins

Question 5

RNA:types of

Answer 5

> Messenger (mRNA)
Ribosomal (rRNA)
Transfer (tRNA)

Question 6

Messenger RNA (mRNA): function and where it’s produced

Answer 6

> produced in Transcription

>carries Genetic info from DNA to Ribosomes

Question 7

Ribosomal (rRNA): forms

Answer 7

> forms structural components of Ribosomes

Question 8

Transfer (tRNA): function

Answer 8

> Carries the Amino Acids to Ribosomes

Question 9

Codons: how and where are they grouped?

Answer 9

> grouped in 3 neucleotides on Messenger RNA (mRNA)

Question 10

How many: Codons and Amino Acids?

Answer 10

> 64 Codons

>20 Amino Acids

Question 11

Chromosomes consist of:

Answer 11

> Genes

Question 12

Genes: definition and made of

Answer 12

> are units of Genetic info

>made up of DNA

Question 13

Allele

Answer 13

> is a trait or variation of a gene

ie: Blue eyes

Question 14

Genotype: formed by

Answer 14

> formed by all the genes

Question 15

Phenotype

Answer 15

> the physical manifestation of genes

Question 16

Nucleus: functions (2), contain

Answer 16

> responsible for Passing along Genetic Traits
regulates the DNA of a cell
Contains Chromosomes

Question 17

Chromosomes

Answer 17

> thread-like rods of DNA

Question 18

Helicase: function

Answer 18

> unwinds the DNA

Question 19

Primase:functions

Answer 19

> lays down RNA Primers on strands

Question 20

Ligase: function

Answer 20

> glues DNA together

Question 21

DNA Polymerase III: function

Answer 21

> builds DNA off RNA Primers

Question 22

DNA Polymerase 1: function

Answer 22

> replaces RNA with DNA

Question 23

Histones: what are they? And what’s their function?

Answer 23

> are organizational Proteins

>help keep DNA from getting tangled

Question 24

Plasmids

Answer 24

> pieces of DNA

Question 25

Mitochondrion (-dria): functions (5)

Answer 25

``` >cell Energy via ATP >cell Cycle and Growth >cell Signaling >cell Differentiation >Aerobic respiration ```

Question 26

Mitosis: produces, occurs in

Answer 26

>produces genetically Identical cells >occurs Asexually >occurs in: Humans, Animals, and Plants

Question 27

Meiosis: produces, occurs in

Answer 27

>produces genetically Different cells | >occurs in humans, animals, and plants