Neurology

Question 1

Frontal Lobe: functions

Answer 1

> Memory: short-term & working
Processing information
Judgement, Decision making, & Planning

Question 2

Parietal Lobe: functions (2)

Answer 2

> Sensory Input

>Spatial positioning

Question 3

Occipital Lobe: functions (3)

Answer 3

Visual:
>Input
>Processing
>Output

Question 4

Temporal Lobe: functions (3)

Answer 4

Auditory:
>Input
>Processing
>Output

Question 5

Somatic Nervous System: Voluntary

Answer 5

> Sensory: Afferent

>Motor: Efferent

Question 6

Somatic Sensory/Afferent sends signals:

Answer 6

> sends signals To CNS

Question 7

Somatic Motor/Efferent sends signals:

Answer 7

> sends signals From CNS to the rest of the Body

Question 8

Autonomic Nervous System: Involuntary

Answer 8

> Sympathetic: Fight or Flight

>Parasympathetic: Rest & Digest

Question 9

Parts of a Neuron (3)

Answer 9

> Dendrites: Receives info
Cell Body (Soma): Processes info
Axon: Sends info

Question 10

Neuro Glial Cells: 5 Types

Answer 10

>Astrocytes
>Microglia
>Oligodendrocytes
>Schwann Cells
>Ependymal Cells

Question 11

Astrocytes (Glial Cell): functional location

Answer 11

> Blood Brain Barrier

Question 12

Microglia (Glial cells): functional location

Answer 12

> Phagocytosis

Question 13

Oligodendrocytes (Glial Cells): functional location

Answer 13

> Myelin

Question 14

Schwann (Glial Cells): functional location

Answer 14

> Myelin in PNS

Question 15

Ependymal (Glial Cells): functional location

Answer 15

> Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF)

Question 16

Parts and functions of a Neuron: (3)

Answer 16

> Dendrites: Recieves info
Cell (Soma) Body: Processes info
Axon: Sends info

Question 17

Hindbrain: consists of (3)

Answer 17

> Medulla Oblongata
Cerebellum
Pons

Question 18

Midbrain (Mesencephalon): functions (2)

Answer 18

> Sensory Response Signals:
eyes, hearing, Circadian rhythm, reg body temperature, alertness.
Midbrain connects Hindbrain

Question 19

Forebrain: consists of (3)

Answer 19

> Cerebrum
Thalamus
Hypothalamus

Question 20

Cerebral Cortex: consists of (1)

Answer 20

> thin layer of Gray Matter

Question 21

Amygdala: part of, functions

Answer 21

• > part of Limbic System

- >responsible for the Response and Memory of Emotions, especially *Fear

Question 22

Basal Ganglia: location, functions, diseases

Answer 22

• > Cerebral Hemisphere:
• > *Controls Movement, also congnition & emotions

->Diseases: Parkinson’s, Huntington’s

Question 23

Structures inside the Basal Ganglia (5)

Answer 23

>Caudate
>Putamen
>Globus Pallidus (in cerebrum)
>Substantia Nigra (In midbrain)
>SubThalamic Nuclues (diencephlon)

Question 24

Dorsal Root Ganglion location, functions

Answer 24

> attached to the posterior root of spinal nerve, part of Peripheral Nervous Systems

> *Sensory Functions, *Perception of Pain, reflex arc nerve impulse pathway

Question 25

Brainstem: | location (anatomical and functional), subsections (3)

Answer 25

->located @ base of post brain >12 pairs of Nerves, stem directly from the brainstem >3 subsections: Midbrain, Pons, Medulla Oblongata

Question 26

Brainstem: functions

Answer 26

>*Connect CNS and PNS, >Controls: Heatbeat, Respiration, BP, and Reflexes

Question 27

Medulla Oblongata: functions

Answer 27

>*critical for autonomic functions: | Respiration, Digestion, Heart Rate, Blood Vessel dilation & constriction, sneezing

Question 28

Tectum: functions

Answer 28

>sense of Hearing and Vision

Question 29

Cerebral Peduncles: function

Answer 29

>Eye Movement

Question 30

Pons: function

Answer 30

>transmits signals btw: Cerebrum,Medulla Oblongata, Cerebellum, and Thalamus

Question 31

Thalamus: location, made of

Answer 31

>dorsal and ventral thalamus >located at the Base of the Cerebellum >made of Gray Matter

Question 32

Thalamus: functions

Answer 32

>Relay center for Sensory Nerves to transmits signals from the Spinal Cord and the Brainstem then to the Cerebral Cortex >Motor control

Question 33

Cerebellum: functions

Answer 33

>*Controls Balance and Posture | >memory and learning

Question 34

Hippocampus: functions, diseases

Answer 34

>functions: processing of short-term (working) Memories into long-term (explicit/implicit) Memories and Learning (Cognitive Mapping, Recalling) >diseases: Alzheimer's, Epilepsy, Depression, and stress

Question 35

Frontal Lobe: functions

Answer 35

>responsible for Executive functions: Planning, Decision-making. >personality

Question 36

Gray Matter in the brain: functions

Answer 36

>key role in controlling Sensory and Muscular activity.