Human Geography KEY WORDS Flashcards

1
Q

Rural area

A

An area of countryside

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2
Q

Urban area

A

A built up place, eg. A town or city

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3
Q

Rural to urban migration

A

The movement of people from the countryside to the city.

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4
Q

Brownfield site

A

An unused or derelict area of urban land that has been built on previously

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5
Q

greenfield site

A

An area of land that has not been built on before.

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6
Q

infrastructure

A

The basic structures needed for an area to function, for example roads and communications.

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7
Q

ethnic diversity

A

A variety of different ethnic groups.

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8
Q

economic

A

The generation and distribution of money through employers and employment

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9
Q

Region

A

A very large area of a country, Eg. North West on England

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10
Q

Migration

A

The movement of people from one area to another.

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11
Q

Emigration

A

Leaving ones country to settle permanently in another.

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12
Q

Immigration

A

The action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country

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13
Q

Free trade

A

Trade within a group of countries or a region with no restrictions, Eg. The EU has a free trade where if countries from outside want to sell things cheaply to countries within the EU they are charged “tax”.

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14
Q

Globalisation

A

The process where the world is becoming interconnected as a result of increased trade and cultural exchange

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15
Q

Policies

A

A principle of action proposed by an organisation or group or individual.

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16
Q

Distribution

A

the action of sharing something out among a number of people

17
Q

Cultural

A

the ideas, customs, and social behaviour of a certain society.

18
Q

Primary industry

A

mining, agriculture, or forestry. Examples of obtaining raw materials

19
Q

Secondary industry

A

Manufacturing industry, for example changing raw materials into products.

20
Q

Tertiary industry

A

The provision of services, eg. Shops, restaurants.

21
Q

Quaternary industry

A

Research,development and infomation

22
Q

Population density

A

The number of people living in a given area

23
Q

Net migration

A

The difference between people moving into and the people moving out of a country

24
Q

Natural increase

A

When the birth rate is higher than the death rate

25
Q

Conurbation

A

Where surrounding towns have merged with a city

26
Q

Depopulation

A

When people are leaving an area

27
Q

UK Government Policies to help Rural Areas…

A

Creating Enterprise Zones - that offer incentives, reduced taxes and job opportunities
Transport Link - trying to improve transport

28
Q

EU Government Policies to help Rural Areas…

A

European Regional Development Fund - funds smaller businesses, broadband and creates jobs
Common Agricultural Policies - giving farmers money through subsidies

29
Q

FDI (usually by TNC)

A

Type 1 - locating in a country
Type 2 - investing in a country

Increased due to Globalisation, Privatisation and Free Trade Policies

30
Q

Positives of FDI

A

Jobs are created

Large scale projects can be built that the UK Government can’t afford

They develop new products, technology and business practices.

31
Q

Negatives of FDI

A

It can lead to over reliance

Big effects if the TNCs choose to relocate or change suppliers

Local businesses struggle to compete against TNCs