human life cycle evolution

Question 1

primates

prenatal

Answer 1

conception to birth

Question 2

primates

infancy

Answer 2

birth to weaning & tooth eruption

Question 3

primates

juvenile

Answer 3

travel + forage alone
dependent on mom for nutrition
ends w/ sexual maturation

Question 4

primates

adulthood

Answer 4

reprod. mature
begins at eruption of last permanent tooth

Question 5

humans

childhood

Answer 5

btwn infancy & juvenile, after weaning, ends w/ attainment of adult brain size

Question 6

humans

adolescence

Answer 6

btwn juvenile & adulthood, begins w/ onset of sexual maturity, ends with attainment of adult height

Question 7

brain development

hypothesis 1: obstetrical constraints

Answer 7

biped requires pelvis with narrow birth canal

Question 8

brain development

hyp 2: metabolic constraints of gestation

Answer 8

fetal metabolic requirements outpace maternal supply

Question 9

brian development

hyp 3: selective advantages

Answer 9

advantages of extended neural development, neural circuits responsible for behavior are shaped by experiences in local environment

Question 10

human menopause

adaptive benefits

Answer 10

grandmothering hypothesis: inclusive fitness benefits are derived from older, non-reprod adults who contribute to care of grandchild
* by impriving survival and reprod success of close relatives, increases probability that genes shared will be passed down