Human Nutrition

Question 1

Vitamin c stands for

Answer 1

Ascorbic acid

Question 2

Vitamin c function

Answer 2

Synthesis of collagen

Question 3

Collagen function

Answer 3

Help heal wounds and bind cells tgt

Question 4

Vitamin c deficiency disease

Answer 4

Scurvy

Question 5

Scurvy

Answer 5

Swollen gums
Internal bleeding in muscles and skin

Question 6

Sources of vitamin c

Answer 6

Citrus fruits
Papaya
Banana

Question 7

Vitamin d function

Answer 7

Promote absorption of calcium and phosphates from intestines

Question 8

Vitamin d deficiency disease

Answer 8

Rickets

Question 9

Rickets

Answer 9

Risk of tooth decay
Bones bend under body weight
Bones become soft and pliable

Question 10

Sources of vitamin d

Answer 10

Egg yolk

Question 11

Calcium function

Answer 11

For healthy bones and teeth

Question 12

Calcium deficiency disease

Answer 12

Rickets in children
Osteoporosis in adults

Question 13

Sources of calcium

Answer 13

Milk
Cheese
Green vegetables

Question 14

Iron function

Answer 14

Making haemoglobin

Question 15

Iron deficiency disease

Answer 15

Anemia

Question 16

Anemia

Answer 16

Person looks pale due to lack of red blood cells

Question 17

Sources of iron

Answer 17

Liver
Egg yolk

Question 18

Peristalsis

Answer 18

When the intestinal walls contact to push undigested food material

Question 19

Peristalsis prevents

Answer 19

Constipation

Question 20

How to test for vitamin c

Answer 20

DCPIP
Blue solution turns colorless if vitamin c present

Question 21

Nutrition

Answer 21

Organisms obtain food and energy for growth and repair of body

Question 22

Order of nutrition process

Answer 22

Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Assimilation

Question 23

Alimentary canal

Answer 23

Long tube that extends from mouth to anus

Question 24

Hydrochloric acid function

Answer 24

• stop salivary amylase action
• provide acidic medium for prison to work
• kill harmful microorganisms in food

Question 25

Gastric juice in stomach

Answer 25

- pepsin - hydrochloric acid

Question 26

Food broken up in mouth called

Answer 26

Boli

Question 27

Pepsin function

Answer 27

Digest proteins to short chains of amino acids in stomach

Question 28

Partly digested food in stomach becomes liquefied forming

Answer 28

Chyme

Question 29

What happens after chyme is formed

Answer 29

Chyme passes into duodenum in small amounts when the ring of muscle at lower part of stomach relaxes and opens

Question 31

Pancreatic juice made of

Answer 31

- amylase - trypsin - lipase

Question 32

When chyme enters small imtestine

Answer 32

- stimulates pancreas to secrete pancreatic juice - gall bladder release bile - epithelial cells in small intestine produced enzymes maltase and lipase

Question 33

How are carbohydrates digested

Answer 33

Starch (pancreatic amylase) maltose (maltase) glucose

Question 34

How are proteins digested

Answer 34

Stomach Proteins (pepsin) polypeptides Small intestines Proteins (trypsin) polypeptides

Question 35

Bile

Answer 35

- chemical substance - break down fat molecules into smaller molecules (emulsification) - stored in gall bladder

Question 36

How are fats digested

Answer 36

Broken down into smaller molecules by bile Emulsifies fats (lipase) fatty acids + glycerol

Question 37

Pancreas hormones

Answer 37

Insulin Glucagon

Question 38

Function of insulin in pancreas

Answer 38

Convert excess glucose into glycogen, stored in liver

Question 39

Function of glucagon in pancreas

Answer 39

When body needs energy, glycogen (glucagon) glucose

Question 40

Physical digestion

Answer 40

Mechanical breakdown of food into small pieces, no chemical change to food molecules

Question 41

Chemical digestion

Answer 41

Breakdown of larger molecules in food into small soluble substances that can be absorbed into body cells

Question 42

Absorption

Answer 42

Food molecules after digestion given to blood for circulating in body and reaching all cells

Question 43

Assimilation

Answer 43

Cells absorb nutrients after digestion

Question 44

Lacteal

Answer 44

Transport absorbed fats away

Question 45

Villus

Answer 45

Have blood capillaries that allow blood to transport absorbed glucose and amino acids away