Plant Nutrition

Question 1

Photosynthesis

Answer 1

Process in which plants use carbon dioxide and water in the presence of light to manufacture oxygen and glucose

Question 2

Upper epidermis of leaf

Answer 2

Made of single layer of closely packed cells

Covered by waxy and transparent cuticle

Question 3

Mesophyll

Answer 3

Main site of photosynthesis

Consist of palisade mesophyll and spongy mesophyll

Question 4

Glucose used for

Answer 4

Cellular respiration to provide energy for cell activities

Form cellulose cell walls

Question 5

Excess glucose is converted to

Answer 5

Starch

Question 6

In darkness what happens to glucose converted to starch

Answer 6

Converted back into glucose

Question 7

Sucrose function

Answer 7

• component of nectar in flowers
• transport to other parts of plant
• converted to starch or other storage compounds
• may be converted back to glucose

Question 8

Glucose forms

Answer 8

Fats

Question 9

Fats function

Answer 9

• storage
• used in cellular respiration
• synthesis of new protoplasm

Question 10

Glucose reacts with

Answer 10

Magnesium and nitrate in soil to form chlorophyll for absorbing sunlight

Question 11

Glucose reacts with

Answer 11

Nitrates and other mineral ions absorbed from soil

Form amino acids in leaves

Question 12

Amino acids function

Answer 12

Form proteins to use for synthesis of new protoplasm in leaves

Question 13

Excess amino acids used for

Answer 13

Transported to other parts of plant for

• synthesis of new protoplasm
• storage as proteins

Question 14

Glucose

Answer 14

Simplest energy organic molecules are carbohydrates

Simplest stable form of carbohydrates is glucose

Question 15

Starch may not be because of photosynthesis because

Answer 15

Starch can be formed in roots or underground storage organs of plants

Question 16

Why need to destarch a plant before experiment

Answer 16

So that all starch formed at end of the experiment are formed during the experiment

Question 17

Chlorophyll

Answer 17

Converts light energy into chemical energy

Question 18

Villi

Answer 18

Minute finger like projections on inner surface of small intestine

Question 19

Function of villi

Answer 19

Increase surface area for absorption

Question 20

Each villus has what

Answer 20

Blood capillaries that allow blood to transport absorbed glucose and amino acids away

Question 21

Lacteal

Answer 21

In the middle of villi, transport absorbed fats away

Question 22

Epithelium or wall of villi is thin

Answer 22

Short diffusion distance for nutrients to pass through

Question 23

What happen to amino acid that enter the cells after absorption

Answer 23

Covered into new cytoplasm, used for growth and repair of worn out tissues

Question 24

Enamel and dentine made of

Answer 24

Calcium salts

Question 25

How many incisors

Answer 25

4 on each jaw

Question 26

How many canines

Answer 26

2 on each jaw next to incisors

Question 27

How many premolars

Answer 27

Behind each canine there are 2 premolars 2 protrusions called cusps

Question 28

How many molars

Answer 28

Behind premolars are 3 molars 4 of more cusps

Question 29

Sunlight guard cells

Answer 29

Absorb water from nearby epidermal cells Become turgid Cell curves around stoma and stoma opens

Question 30

Strong sunlight guard cells

Answer 30

Stomata close to prevent water loss Excess evaporation of water causes guard cell to be flaccid and close