human phys quiz 1 Flashcards
(23 cards)
whats the functional unit of the body
a cell
Body levels of organization? in order
mollecular - cellular- tissue- organ- system
what system in the body maintains homeostasis
endocrine
what is the set point
A level of equilibrium to which the system strives to return
whats an organelle
structure of the cell preforming a job
how is the mitochondria different than other organelles
it has its own DNA and can self replicate
what does anaerobic mean
energy producing that does not used oxygen and is found in cytosol
what are the two sub categories of anaerobic metabolism
immediate ATP-PC and Glycosis
what is ATP-PC
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and phosphocreatine (PC). This energy system provides immediate energy through the breakdown of these stored high energy phosphates.
what is glycosis
the breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic acid.
What energy nutrient is used by glycolysis to make adenosine triphosphate, ATP, the common energy currency
glucose
how much energy does anaerobic metabolism produce
2 ATP
what organelle produces most of our bodies ATP
Mitochondria
where does the citric acid cycle take place
matrix of the mitochondria
whats the purpose of the citric acid cycle
provides the electrons that fuel the process of oxidative phosphorylation
where does the electron transport chain take place
the christae of the mitocondria
what does the electron transport chain do
The electron transport chain is a series of four protein complexes that couple redox reactions, creating an electrochemical gradient that leads to the creation of ATP in a complete system named oxidative phosphorylation.
what is aerobic metabolism
uses 02 takes place in the mitochondria, long term energy over 3 minutes
what is high energy compound donates phosphate to ADP to make ATP sustain short durations activities lasting 15-30 seconds
creatine phosphate
what 3 ingredients are needed to make each nucleotide in DNA and RNA
sugar phosphate and base
what internal ligaments connect bone in the knee joint and shaped like a cross and prevent the femur sliding back and forth over the tibia
cruciate ligaments (ACL)
whats the most prolific producer of ATP in mitochondria
electron transport chain
2 effectors that are involved in the short term regulation of blood pressure
heart and blood vessels
