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human reproductive system Flashcards

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1
Q

bladder

A

sac that stores Urine

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2
Q

ureter

A

tubes from each kidney that carry urine to the bladder

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3
Q

seminal vesicle

A

pair of simple tubular glands posteroinferior to the urinary bladder of some male mammals

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4
Q

scrotum

A

pouch of skin containing testes. It hangs outside the body to keep the sperm cooler than normal body temperature.

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5
Q

prostate gland

A

a gland surrounding the neck of the bladder containing semen

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6
Q

penis

A

male genital organ which carries the duct for sperm

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7
Q

urethra

A

tube which connects the bladder and meatus which carries semen and urine

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8
Q

foreskin

A

the retractable roll of skin covering the end of the penis.

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9
Q

head of penis

A

top of the penis

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10
Q

testis

A

organ which produces semen

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11
Q

epididymus

A

duct behind the testis which semen passes through

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12
Q

sperm duct

A

transports sperm to the epididymis to the urethra

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13
Q

rectum

A

where food is stored as feces and is excreted through the anus

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14
Q

follicles

A

sacs containing eggs

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15
Q

fallopian tube

A

tiny tubes joining the ovaries to the uterus. fertilization appears in one of these tubes

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16
Q

fertilisation

A

penetration of the ovum by a sperm

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17
Q

puberty

A

life stage where the sex glands become active and physical changes occur in order to enable reproduction

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18
Q

sexual reproduction

A

joining together of male and female reproductive cells

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19
Q

gametes

A

reproductive cells containing half the genetic information of normal cells

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20
Q

sperm

A

male reproductive cell. consists of a head, a neck and a tail used to swim towards the egg

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21
Q

ova

A

female sex cell (gametes) SINGULAR = OVUM

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22
Q

zygote

A

cell formed by the fusion of two gametes; fertilized ovum before it starts dividing into more shells

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23
Q

external fertilation

A

reproduction when the females release eggs into the water and fertilised by sperm

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24
Q

internal fertilisation

A

reproduction where the egg remains in the female and the egg is fertilised by the male inside the female

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25
copulation
the act of inserting sperm into a female (sex)
26
sexual intercourse
the act of inserting sperm into a female (sex)
27
meiosis
cell division process that results in new cells with half the number of chromosomes as the original shell
28
epigenetics
a new branch of science that involves studying the effect of our experiences on the expression of our genetic information
29
nuclear DNA
genetic material passed on from both parents, from the nucleus of the sperm and the ovum
30
mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)
genetic material from the mitochondria, passed on only by the mother
31
ejaculation
release of sperm
32
semen
combination of fluid and sperm
33
identical twins
twins developed from the same fertilised egg
34
fraternal twins
twins developed from different fertilised eggs
35
embryo
group of cells formed from the zygote and developing into different body organs
36
implantation
the process whereby the embryo becomes embedded in the wall of the uterus
37
fetus
the unborn young of an animal the has grown a head, arms and legs
38
placenta
organ formed in the mothers womb that passes food and oxygen to the baby from the mothers blood and the feces are removed
39
gestation period
a time where the offspring develops in the uterus
40
premature
a baby born 37 weeks after conception
41
labour
childbirth
42
breech
where a baby is delivered with it's feet coming out first
43
caesarean
operation to remove the baby by cutting the mothers abdomen
44
conception
putting a fertilsed egg into the wall of the uterus
45
contraception
stopping an egg from being fertilised (stopping an egg from being embedded on the uterus wall)
46
contraceptives
devices or substances that prevent an egg from being fertilised
47
transdermal patches
skin applications containing hormones that are absorbed through the skin
48
vaginal pills
soluble capsules that are placed inside the vagina to prevent contraception
49
filshie clip
type of fallopian tube clamp
50
testosterone injections
injections that reduce sperm production
51
anti-fertility vaccines
injections to control sperm and testosterone levels
52
sperm duct plug
injection of a liquid plastic to block the sperm duct
53
chemical sterilisation
oral medication that results in male infertility
54
gossypol
non-hormonal substance that occurs naturally in unrefined cottonseed oil. Reduces sperm count when taken orally
55
infertility
to not be able to have children
56
sterile
being unable to produce reproductive cells
57
donor eggs
ova from other women
58
test-tube babies
babies who were created by fertilising eggs in a laboratory
59
surrogacy
pregnancy that occurs when the fertilised egg is placed in a woman who didn't produce the egg
60
pre-implantation genetic diagnosis
a procedure to diagnose the baby of any abnormalities in embryos before being planted inside the mother
61
ultrasoun
sound with frequency so high humans can't hear it
62
amniocentesis
removing and testing of fluid from the amniotic sac surrounding the fetus
63
chorionic villus sampling
procedure in which cells from the developing placenta are removed for testing at 10–12 weeks of pregnancy, allowing certain abnormalities to be detected

Science (8 decks)

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