humanistic approach Flashcards
free will, Maslow, self actualisation, congruence
does the humanistic approach believe in free will?
yes, humans are self-determining
outline the purpose of the hierarchy of needs
we all want to reach the top
you cannot move up a level until all aspects of the current level have been satisfied
who came up with the hierarchy of needs?
Maslow
what are the levels of the hierarchy of needs
physiological - food, water, oxygen
safety - protection, security, law
belonging and love - family, friends, intimacy
self esteem - confidence, responsibility, respect
self actualisation - personal growth, morality, creativity
define congruence
when your ideal delf aligns with your actual self
necessary to achieve self actualisation
who came up with congruence?
Rogers
how does the humanistic approach reject science?
no use of scientific methods
studies are focused on client centred therapy
what is included in client centred therapy?
unconditional positive regard
to make up for the lack of it in childhood
humanistic approach AO3 - weakness 1
rejects scientific methods
client centred therapy cannot be replicated or controlled
lack of internal validity
not reliable as there is a lack of empirical evidence to support claims
humanistic approach AO3 - CA 1
natural behaviour is observed
there is no artificial stimuli
high levels of external validity
humanistic approach AO3 - weakness 2
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is based around Americans
findings cannot be generalised to all cultures
individualist vs collectivist cultures
humanistic approach AO3 - CA 2
real world application
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs acts as motivation for improving quality of live
a precise criteria to be followed
positive approach to life
humanistic approach AO3 - strength 1
recognises free will, no determinism
acknowledging the control you have over your own life improves mental health and outlook on life
believers in determinism are more likely to suffer from depression
humanistic approach AO3 - CA 3
free will can make people feel pressured or overwhelmed when making decisions
struggling with the possible consequences of their actions
potentially worsening their mental health
