humanistic approach

Question 1

challenges

Answer 1

behaviourism and psychodynamic approach - Freud

Question 2

Humanistic psychology

Answer 2

contrasts with other approaches in the belief that people are self determining - consciousness allows for evaluation of own behaviour

Question 3

free will

Answer 3

Humanisms claim we have control are self determining and have free will
Rogers and Maslow reject scientific models that establish general principles of human behaviour

Question 4

Maslows hierarchy of needs

Answer 4

self actualisation 
esteem
love and belonging
safety 
psychological needs

Question 5

Abraham Maslow 1943

Answer 5

the hierarchy of needs emphasised the importance of personal growth and fulfilment
each level must be fulfilled before a person moves to another
basic needs essential must be fulfilled before complex ones

Question 6

self actualisation

Answer 6

is a growth need to fulfil ones potential

Question 7

Carl Rogers 1951 2 basic needs

Answer 7

positive regard from other people

feeling of self worth

Question 8

Rogers claimed

Answer 8

the closer the perception of self concept and ideal self t the greater the self worth will be and in turn their psychological well being = congruence

Question 9

incongruence

Answer 9

a person does to perceive themselves to be close to their ideal = negative feelings and low self worth meaning self actualisation is not possible

Question 10

conditions of worth

Answer 10

unconditional positive regard - acceptance for who you are

conditional postive regard- acceptance on conditions that are imposed by others

Question 11

Application to counselling

Answer 11

Rogers believed that counselling could help individuals overcome their conditions of worth and move toward positive fully functioning person

Question 12

Therapy

Answer 12

Humanistic therapists act as facilitators, help people to understand themselves and find ways to meet their potential

Question 13

strength of Maslows hierarchy of needs

Answer 13

linked to economic development
Hagerty 1888 looked at the relationship between economic growth and levels of Maslows needs in 88 countries finding those with poor economic development were characterised by lower level of needs only advanced stages of economic development self esteem and self actualisation became important

Question 14

evaluation positive

Answer 14

praised for promoting a positive image of the human condition

Question 15

approach is

Answer 15

holistic not reductionist – humans reject any attempt to break up behaviour and experience into smaller components

Question 16

culture bias

Answer 16

Humanism originated in the USA may not have same core values