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MFT Theories > Humanistic / Existential Therapies > Flashcards

Humanistic / Existential Therapies Flashcards

1
Q

4 Types of Humanistic / Existential Therapies

A

1) Client Centered
2) Gestalt
3) Existential
4) Experiential / Symbolic

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2
Q

Client Centered Therapy

Theory of Change

A
  • Change occurs by creating conditions for the client to grow through the therapeutic relationship with the presence of three essential components:
  1. CONGRUENCE / Genuineness
  2. UNCONDITIONAL POSITIVE REGARD
  3. Empathy

A Humanistic Theory

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3
Q

Client Centered Therapy

Therapist’s Role

A
  • NONDIRECTIVE
  • A facilitator (helper) who sets the state and believes the client is able to do what is necessary for growth and change, self-actualization
  • Views people as inherently good - NO DIAGNOSING
  • Client determines goals of therapy and sets number of sessions
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4
Q

Client Centered Therapy

Treatment Goals

A
  • Self Acceptance
  • CONGRUENCE between client’s idealized and actual selves (living authentically)
  • Increased self-understanding
  • Decreased levels of defensiveness, insecurity, and guilt
  • More positive relationships and increased comfort with others
  • Increased ability to experience and express feelings in the HERE AND NOW (awareness)
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5
Q

Client Centered Therapy

Key Concept: Congruence

A
  • Therapist is GENUINE with client
  • Shares feelings honestly
  • Does not hide behind professional facade
  • Therapist is transparent with feelings, thoughts, and beliefs
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6
Q

Client Centered Therapy

Phases of Treatment

A 
NO SPECIFIC PHASES OF TREATMENT
- Look for answers with Key Words:
Congruence
Unconditional Positive Regard
Empathy
Self-Actualization
Locus of Control
Non-directive
Promote Self Acceptance
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7
Q

Gestalt Therapy

Theory of Change

A

Change occurs through increased awareness of HERE AND NOW experience in a dialogic relationship

An Existential & Humanistic Theory

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8
Q

Gestalt Therapy

Therapist’s Role

A
  • AUTHENTIC Present Other
  • Non-directive and non-judgmental (free to make own choices)
  • Increase the client’s awareness in the PRESENT MOMENT
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9
Q

Gestalt Therapy

Treatment Goals

A
  • Client to become aware of what they are doing, how they are doing it, and how they can change themselves
  • Learn to ACCEPT and VALUE themselves
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10
Q

Gestalt Therapy

Key Concept: Phenomenological Method

A
  • Exploring experience by description and abstaining from interpretation
  • I see you tearing up, what’s happening
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11
Q

Gestalt Therapy

Key Concept: Dialogical Relationship

A
  • Therapist’s presence allows for the client to become fully present
  • Open to client’s experience through dialogue
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12
Q

Gestalt Therapy

Interventions

A
  • Empty Chair Technique
  • Experiments
  • Body Techniques: Describe what it feels like in your body
  • Focus on the process
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13
Q

Gestalt Therapy

Phases of Treatment

A

NO SPECIFIC PHASES OF TREATMENT

*Therapy unfolds in the HERE AND NOW

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14
Q

Existential Therapy

Theory of Change

A
  • Change occurs through finding philosophical meaning in the face of anxiety by choosing to the think and act authentically and responsibly
  • Emphasizes personal choice

*Core Question: “How do I exist?” in the face of uncertainty, conflict or death

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15
Q

Existential Therapy

Therapist’s Role

A
  • Provide an encounter with a “real” other
  • Presence of the therapist is essential
  • Help the client focus on PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY for making decisions
  • Genuine, authentic
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16
Q

Existential Therapy

Treatment Goals

A
  • Client discovers their own life meaning
  • Client confronts anxiety inherent in living, part of the human condition
  • Client experiences agency and RESPONSIBILITY in the construction of their life… empowerment
17
Q

Existential Therapy

Key Concepts

A
  • All persons have the capacity for self awareness
  • Must accept RESPONSIBILITY that comes with FREEDOM
  • Each person has a unique identity that can only be known through relationship with others
  • Anxiety is part of the human condition
  • Death is a basic human condition that gives significance to life
18
Q

Existential Therapy

Interventions

A
  • Focus on moment moment process that on explicit content
  • Holding up problem experience so it may be seen
  • Talking about and naming emotional pain to be processed with increased support
19
Q

Existential Therapy

Phases of Treatment

A

NO SPECIFIC PHASES OF TREATMENT

20
Q

Experiential / Symbolic Therapy

Theory of Change

A
  • Change happens through the existential encounter - the authentic meeting of the therapist and client in the present moment and by EXPANDING the client’s range of EXPERIENCE
  • Generally used with families
21
Q

Experiential / Symbolic Therapy

Therapist’s Role

A
  • Authentically being with client

- Playful, Creative

22
Q

Experiential / Symbolic Therapy

Treatment Goals

A
  • Growth and increased FLEXIBILITY

- Expand ways of interacting

23
Q

Experiential / Symbolic Therapy
Phases of Treatment
Beginning

A
  • Engage family as authentic person
  • BATTLE FOR STRUCTURE
  • Encourage all members to attend
  • Family wins BATTLE FOR INITIATIVE
  • Gather information about boundaries, coalitions, roles and level of conflict
24
Q

Experiential / Symbolic Therapy
Phases of Treatment
Middle

A
  • Develop sense of COHESION
  • Create alternative interactions
  • Highlight inappropriate boundaries
  • Role play situations
  • Use play and “craziness”
25
Q

Experiential / Symbolic Therapy
Phases of Treatment
End

A
  • Highlight accomplishments and reflect on growth
  • Identify possible block to future growth
  • ROLE PLAY future scenarios
  • Each member expresses feelings about their experience of therapy
26
Q

Experiential / Symbolic Therapy

Key Concepts: Battle for Structure

A
  • Therapist establishes rules and working atmosphere of treatment
  • Includes the need for the entire family to attend sessions
27
Q

Experiential / Symbolic Therapy

Key Concepts: Battle for Initiative

A
  • Motivation for change must come from family
  • Includes having family state agenda for each session
  • Waiting silently for family to take initiative
  • Allowing family to determine how change is going to happen
28
Q

Experiential / Symbolic Therapy

Key Concepts: Play, Humor and “Craziness”

A
  • Tapping irrational side

- Finding solutions in CREATIVE interactions

29
Q

Humanistic

A
  • focus on ACCEPTANCE and GROWTH
  • people are constantly growing, trying to be happy and BETTER
  • people have disowned certain aspects of themselves
  • things from the past like unprocessed regrets, shame

MFT Theories (5 decks)

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