humanistic - rogers, maslow Flashcards
(9 cards)
who are the key theorists of humanistic psychology?
maslow and rogers
what is humanistic theory?
states that people are intrinsically good, with an in build drive to make themselves better
- personality is chosen (free will)
- people want to be the best version of themselves (self-actualisation)
what is the theory of self?
rogers. based on two main ideas:
- self actualisation tendency - we want to be the best version of ourselves
- positive regard - we want to be valued unconditionally
how is self actualisation achieved (rogers)?
- a match (congruence) between who we are and who we want to be
- known as the two selves:
- real self - actual experiences, how we see ourselves
- idea self: hopes and dreams, how we want to see ourselves
- a mismatch/incongruence between the selves causes personality problems
what is positive regard?
- conditional positive regard - what we receive from people if we behave in acceptable ways
- unconditional positive regard - what we receive from people or ourselves even if we disappoint them
according to rogers what causes personality issues?
- incongruence between real and ideal self
- lack or unconditional positive regard
what are the five levels of maslow’s heirarchy of needs?
- psychological needs
- safety needs
- love and belonging
- esteem
- self actualisation
what has to happen before a person can move up a level on the hierarchy of needs?
all the needs before it must be met. if someone doesn’t have their safety needs met, they cannot feel as though their love and belonging needs have been met.
strengths and weaknesses of humanism
strengths:
- emphasis on free will and human potential for growth
- holistic understanding of the persona and their subjective experiences
weaknesses:
- lack of empirical evidence
- subjective concepts - difficult to measure and study scientifically
- criticisms for being unscientific
