Humans and Descriptions

Question 1

Harry Harlow

Answer 1

Cloth vs wire mothers to test contact comfort, Bowden box (curiosity as a motivational drive),

Question 2

John Bowlby

Answer 2

Theory of attachment, biological predisposition to form relationships

Question 3

Konrad Lorenz

Answer 3

Imprinting (birds)

Question 4

Hans Spitz

Answer 4

Hospitalization syndrome, deprivation syndrome, failure to thrive

Question 5

Anna Freud

Answer 5

daughter of Sigmund Freud, detachment in orphans from WW2 (unable to form new relationships)

Question 6

John Watson

Answer 6

conventional parenting idea (before animal research): don’t hold your baby, you’ll spoil them

Question 7

George Romanes

Answer 7

1884, Social Darwinism, argued for animal intelligence, believed curiosity, insight, and empathy were components of intelligence

Question 8

Wilhelm Von Osten

Answer 8

1907, Clever Hans

Question 9

William of Ockham

Answer 9

Occam’s Razor (Law of Parsimony)

Question 10

Edward Thorndike

Answer 10

Trial and Error Learning

Question 11

Pavlov

Answer 11

Classical Conditioning

Question 12

BF Skinner

Answer 12

Operant Conditioning

Question 13

Wolfgang Kohler

Answer 13

“insight learning” and gestalt theory

Question 14

Testuro Matsuzawa

Answer 14

University of Kyoto, Rhesus monkeys addition task and betting on confidence, tool use: rock hammer and anvil

Question 15

Gordon Gallop

Answer 15

Mirror recognition test

Question 16

Emil Menzel and Sally Boysen

Answer 16

Object constancy

Question 17

Frans de Waal

Answer 17

Sense of fairness

Question 18

Robert Seyfarth and Dorothy Cheney

Answer 18

Vervets make different calls to warn of different predators (leopards, eagles, snakes)

Question 19

Rene Descartes

Answer 19

1637, “I think therefore I am”, language is the exclusive domain of humans

Question 20

Samuel Pepys

Answer 20

believes apes can learn to speak/sign, understand language

Question 21

W and L Kellog

Answer 21

raised a chimp with their son to see if it would develop language/speaking abilities (it didn’t)

Question 22

Hayes

Answer 22

raised a chimp called Vicki, she could produce 4 sounds

Question 23

Yerkes

Answer 23

1925, apes cannot speak but can use nonvocal signs to communicate

Question 24

Allen and Beatrice Gardner

Answer 24

Washoe, the first signing chimpanzee

Question 25

Roger Fouts

Answer 25

1970-2007 worked with Washoe until the end of her life

Question 26

Lyn Miles

Answer 26

Chantek (orangutan) learned about 100 signs

Question 27

Penny Patterson

Answer 27

Koko (gorilla) learned to sign

Question 28

David Premack

Answer 28

Sarah (chimpanzee) able to use plastic symbols for concepts, classifying objects

Question 29

Duane Rumbaugh

Answer 29

Lana (chimp) able to use a keyboard

Question 30

Sue Savage-Rumbaugh

Answer 30

Kanzi (chimp) raised by adoptive mother who used keyboard, is excellent at using the keyboard himself, Sue believes he can also understand spoken language

Question 31

Herbert Terrace

Answer 31

Nim Chimsky (chimp): her use of signs/language was non spontaneous, mostly single utterances, mostly for food, largely imitation

Question 32

Irene Pepperburg

Answer 32

Alex the Parrot

Question 33

Noam Chomsky

Answer 33

Requirements for language: syntax, grammar, duality- phoneme, repeatable unit, sign/gesture must be symbolic, displacement in time and space, productivity (openness), arbitrary (sender/receiver), cultural transmission

Question 34

Iowa Primate Learning Sanctuary

Answer 34

Teco

Question 35

John Muir

Answer 35

National Park System, 1864 UW alum

Question 36

Aldo Leopold

Answer 36

1887-1948 Land Stewardship

Question 37

Gaylord Nelson

Answer 37

Earth Day 1970, governor and senator of Wisconsin

Question 38

George Schaller

Answer 38

UW Zoology PhD, ethologist, studied the mountain gorilla

Question 39

Karen Strier

Answer 39

Muriqui (woolly spider monkey)

Question 40

Birute Galdikas

Answer 40

(1946-) Orangutan Rehab

Question 41

Jane Goodall

Answer 41

(1946-) Goodall Institute, roots and shoots

Question 42

Russ Mittermier

Answer 42

Conservation International, discovered new Gibbon species

Question 43

Charles Southwick

Answer 43

India survey 1958, found that exporting monkeys was impacting populations

Question 44

Stephanie Spehar

Answer 44

UW Oshkosh, Integrated Conservation

Question 45

Martha Robbins

Answer 45

recent gorilla research

Question 46

Steven Soloman, Katie Cronin

Answer 46

students that have gone on to study/work with primates

Question 47

Anna Nekaris

Answer 47

slow loris

Question 48

Long Yongcheng

Answer 48

Yunnan golden monkey

Question 49

Cleve Hicks

Answer 49

in Congo, found new group of 10,000 chimps

Question 50

Darwin

Answer 50

believes it's okay to use animals to gain knowledge

Question 51

Frances Cobb

Answer 51

animals experience suffering, can the knowledge we gain justify the means?

Question 52

Howard Temin

Answer 52

AIDS research, discovered reverse transcriptase

Question 53

James Thompson

Answer 53

stem cell research

Question 54

Peter Singer

Answer 54

1975, Animal Liberation

Question 55

Alex Pacheco and Ingrid Newkirk

Answer 55

PETA

Question 56

Miguel Nicolelis

Answer 56

helped paralyzed people by creating robot arm that could be controlled by brain waves

Question 57

Karl Landsteiner and Alexander Weiner

Answer 57

1940, Rh blood factor, injected Rhesus monkey RBCs into rabbits, rabbits produced antibodies

Question 58

Phillip Levine

Answer 58

physician, realized rabbit Rh factor study was similar to erythoblastosis fetalis (Rh+ mother, Rh- baby, mother could reject baby)

Question 59

Nancy Sullivan

Answer 59

1997 Ebola vaccine, limited interest

Question 60

Yoshihiro Kawoka

Answer 60

UW Professor in Veterinary Medicine, made effective vaccine against Ebola by developing an altered strain that caused an immune response but was not infectious

Question 61

Luc Montegnier and Rob Gallo

Answer 61

1980s, isolated the AIDS virus